Studies on the Characteristics of Nanostructures Produced by Sparking Discharge Process in the Ambient Atmosphere for Air Filtration Application

Abstract

Among the various methods for the preparation of nanoparticles, a sparking process at atmospheric pressure is of interest because it is a simple method for producing nanoparticles ranging from a few nanometer-sized particles to agglomerated film structures. In this research, we studied the effects of metal electrode properties on nanoparticle sizes. The experiments were carried out by applying a high voltage to different metal sparkling tips. The transfer of energies from positive ions and electron bombardments induced the melting and vaporization of electrode metals. Based on this research, we have developed a model to describe the formation of a nanoparticle film on the substrate, placed under the sparking gap, and the nanostructure produced by metal vapor on the sparking electrodes. The model provides a realistic tool that can be used for the design of a large-scale coating and the application of nanoparticles developed by this process for the filtration of PM2.5 mask fabric by air.

Antireflective, photocatalytic, and superhydrophilic coating prepared by facile sparking process for photovoltaic panels

“…In our previous reports 9 , 23 , the distribution of nucleated nanoparticles on the substrates are explained. They randomly distributed on a substrate and some particles attached to others and created a secondary particle.…”

Sparked ZnO nanoparticles-based electrochemical sensor for onsite determination of glyphosate residues

“…The distance between the sparking wires of the anode and cathode was set at 1 mm. Then, a constant voltage of 7.90 V and a current of 3.87 A were set in the sparking machine to form the ZnO-NPs for 3 h. It should be noted that these specific voltage and current values were chosen based on the circuit design of the sparking machine, which incorporated 25 nF capacitor [34]. This configuration was intended to create a strong electric field (internal electric field approximately 10 kV cm −1 ) capable of sparking the Zn tips (melting temperature of ∼419.5 °C, deposition rate of ∼0.7 nm spark −1 , 3 s spark −1 under normal atmosphere) [31].…”

A narrative review of the synthesis, characterization, and applications of iron oxide nanoparticles

“…However, the development of the mechanochemical approach to NPs for large-scale manufacturing could present a difficulty in their post-processing stages and applications [ 83 ]. Several industrial preparations of iron oxide nanoparticles have been done to improve the nanomaterials' physical and magnetic properties [ 84 , 85 ]. This method is restricted to the anticipated industrial uses of the synthesized iron nanoparticles, such as pigmentation [ 86 ], catalysis [ 87 ], wastewater treatment [ 88 ], gas purification [ 89 ], combustion [ 90 ], electrochemical [ 91 ], co-precipitation [ 92 ], and superparamagnetism [ 93 ].…”