Studies on the Effects of L-Thyroxine, L-Carnitine and an L-Thyroxine-L-Carnitine Combination on Dipalmitoyl Phosphatidylcholine Content and on Phosphatidylcholine Species Composition in Fetal Rat Lungs

Lohninger, Alfhred; Krieglsteiner, H. P.; Sälzer, H.; Erhardt, W.; Eppl, Wolfgang; Kaiser, E.

doi:10.1203/00006450-198612000-00017

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Jansen et al 2000; Saheki et al 2000). These results support previous findings reporting an additive effect of carnitine-betamethasone and carnitine-thyroxine (Lohninger et al 1986a,b, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Dietary L-carnitine Stimulates Carnitine Acyltransferases in the Liver of Aged Rats

Karlic

Lohninger

Koeck

et al. 2002

J Histochem Cytochem.

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S U M M A R YAging affects oxidative metabolism in liver and other tissues. Carnitine acyltransferases are key enzymes of this process in mitochondria. As previously shown, the rate of transcription and activity of carnitine palmitoyltransferase CPT1 are also related to carnitine levels. In this study we compared the effect of dietary L -carnitine (100 mg L -carnitine/ kg body weight/day over 3 months) on liver enzymes of aged rats (months 21-24) to adult animals (months 6-9) and age-related controls for both groups. The transcription rate of CPT1, CPT2, and carnitine acetyltransferase (CRAT) was determined by quantitative reverse transcription real-time PCR (RTQPCR) and compared to the activity of the CPT1A enzyme. The results showed that the transcription rates of CPT1, CPT2, and CRAT were similar in aged and adult control animals. Carnitine-fed old rats had a significant ( p Ͻ 0.05) 8-12-fold higher mean transcription rate of CPT1 and CRAT compared to aged controls, adult carnitine-fed animals, and adult controls, whereas the transcription rate of CPT2 was stimulated 2-3-fold in carnitine-fed animals of both age groups. With regard to the enzymatic activity of CPT1 there was a 1.5-fold increase in the old carnitine group compared to all other groups. RNA in situ hybridization also indicated an enhanced expression of CPT1A in hepatocytes from L -carnitine-supplemented animals. These results suggest that L -carnitine stimulates transcription of CPT1, CPT2, and CRAT as well as the enzyme activity of CPT1 in the livers of aged rats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Dietary L-carnitine Stimulates Carnitine Acyltransferases in the Liver of Aged Rats

Karlic

Lohninger

Koeck

et al. 2002

J Histochem Cytochem.

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“…Antenatally-administered carnitine has been demonstrated to accelerate the maturation of fetal lungs in rabbits (5). Furthermore, treatment of pregnant rats with carnitine resulted in a significant increase in total phospholipids and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine levels in fetal rat lungs (19,21). Palmitoylcarnitine is a form of carnitine that has been reported to have properties as a surface active molecule or surfactant, and functions as an intermediate in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on respiratory distress syndrome development and prognosis in premature infants: A single blind randomized controlled trial

Öztürk

Kardaş²,

Kardaş

et al. 2015

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of L-carnitine therapy on the occurrence and prognosis of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). A single blind, randomized controlled trial study was conducted on 130 infants with gestational ages of 28-36 weeks. Infants were assigned to experimental groups (groups 1 and 2) and control groups (groups 3 and 4). Groups 1 and 3 consisted of infants with RDS, and groups 2 and 4 groups were composed of infants without RDS. The experimental groups were treated with carnitine. No statistically significant differences in serum carnitine levels were detected between the study and the control groups on day 1 of treatment (P=0.06). However, on day 7 of treatment, serum carnitine levels in the experimental groups were significantly increased (P= 0.02), as compared with the control groups. The surfactant requirement value, which is how many rounds of surfactant therapy were required, was 1.56±0.97 in group 1, and 2.12±0.99 in group 3 (P<0.001). The mean duration of mechanical ventilation required was 3.04±3.60 days in group 1, and 4.73±5.63 days in group 3 (P<0.001). The present results indicate that carnitine supplementation in premature infants with RDS may help to increase carnitine levels, thus decreasing the duration of mechanical ventilation and surfactant requirement.

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“…Carnitine, which transports long chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane for β‐oxidation, has been reported to be involved in surfactant synthesis in the lung tissue 17 . Although maternal carnitine administration has been shown to induce fetal lung maturity by increasing total phospholipid and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine content, phosphatidylcholine species, free carnitine and short chain acylcarnitine levels in fetal rat lungs 10–13 and antenatal administration of L‐carnitine in combination with lower betamethasone doses resulted in a significant decrease in the incidence of RDS in humans 10 , plasma carnitine status of preterm infants with RDS has not been studied before.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pulmonary surfactant production is an important process in fetal lung maturation. Antenatal carnitine administration has been shown to be effective in inducing pulmonary surfactant production and lung maturation in both fetal rats and humans 9–16 . As carnitine is an integral component of the membrane phospholipid fatty acid turnover in human cells, it is possible that carnitine causes lung maturation via membrane phospholipid repair activity 17 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antenatal carnitine administration has been shown to be effective in inducing pulmonary surfactant production and lung maturation in both fetal rats and humans. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] As carnitine is an integral component of the membrane phospholipid fatty acid turnover in human cells, it is possible that carnitine causes lung maturation via membrane phospholipid repair activity. 17 Although antenatal carnitine administration has been shown to induce fetal lung maturity, to our knowledge, plasma carnitine levels have not previously been investigated in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma carnitine levels in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome

Korkmaz

Tekinalp

Coşkun

et al. 2005

Pediatrics International

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Studies on the Effects of L-Thyroxine, L-Carnitine and an L-Thyroxine-L-Carnitine Combination on Dipalmitoyl Phosphatidylcholine Content and on Phosphatidylcholine Species Composition in Fetal Rat Lungs

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Dietary L-carnitine Stimulates Carnitine Acyltransferases in the Liver of Aged Rats

Dietary L-carnitine Stimulates Carnitine Acyltransferases in the Liver of Aged Rats

Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on respiratory distress syndrome development and prognosis in premature infants: A single blind randomized controlled trial

Plasma carnitine levels in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome

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