Studies on the Experimental Epidemiology ofRespiratory Infections VIII. Experimental Pneumonic Plague in Macacus Rhesus

Speck, R. S.; Wolochow, H.

doi:10.1093/infdis/100.1.58

Cited by 40 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…However, the considerable variation in susceptibility to plague among individual rats 94 has made mice the most commonly used model for molecular pathogenesis and vaccine studies since the 1950s. 95 The monkey has also been used as an animal model for plague, 96 Although mammalian animal models are widely accepted for assessment of Y. pestis pathogenesis, an alternative approach using non-mammalian, genetically tractable host organisms is attractive. 98 Animal models for studying the pathogenesis of bacteria as mentioned above are genetically unwieldy and do not lend themselves easily to experimental analysis.…”

Section: Models For Y Pestis Pathogenesis Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Trends in Plague Research: From Genomics to Virulence

Huang

Nikolich²,

Lindler³

2006

Clinical Medicine & Research

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Yersinia pestis is the causative agent of plague, which diverged from Yersinia pseudotuberculosis within the past 20,000 years. Although these two species share a high degree of homology at the DNA level (>90%), they differ radically in their pathogenicity and transmission. In this review, we briefly outline the known virulence factors that differentiate these two species and emphasize genetic studies that have been conducted comparing Y. pestis and Y. pseudotuberculosis.These comparisons have led to a better understanding of the genetic contributions to the differences in the virulence and pathogenicity between these two organisms and have generated information that can be applied in future diagnostic and vaccine development. Comparison of the genetic differences between Y. pestis and Y. pseudotuberculosis has also lent insight into the emergence of acute pathogens from organisms causing milder diseases.

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Section: Models For Y Pestis Pathogenesis Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Trends in Plague Research: From Genomics to Virulence

Huang

Nikolich²,

Lindler³

2006

Clinical Medicine & Research

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“…Because of this, some researchers consider surgical masks sufficient for protecting healthcare workers from person-to-person transmission of pneumonic plague and wearing a respirator to be unwarranted. However, Y. pestis has been found in oral secretions of infected animals and humans (Chernin, 1989;Meyer, 1961;Speck & Wolochow, 1957). As reviewed above, aerosols from infected patients can, in the course of routine activities and procedures, produce small particles that will remain airborne for long periods.…”

Section: Applications Concerning Characteristics Of Infectious Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Issues Affecting Respirator Selection for Workers Exposed to Infectious Aerosols: Emphasis on Healthcare Settings

et al. 2004

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“…The killed whole-cell vaccine formulations have a high degree of heterogeneity with variable endotoxin content as well as a high incidence of transient local and systemic side effects, and they require frequent boosting to maintain immunity (3,15,19,24,25).…”

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confidence: 99%

Human Immune Response to a Plague Vaccine Comprising Recombinant F1 and V Antigens

et al. 2005

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The human immune response to a new recombinant plague vaccine, comprising recombinant F1 (rF1) and rV antigens, has been assessed during a phase 1 safety and immunogenicity trial in healthy volunteers. All the subjects produced specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) in serum after the priming dose, which peaked in value after the booster dose (day 21), with the exception of one individual in the lowest dose level group, who responded to rF1 only. Three subjects, found to have an anti-rV titer at screening, were excluded from the overall analysis. Human antibody functionality has been assessed by quantification of antibody competing for binding to rV in vitro and also by the transfer of protective immunity in human serum into the naïve mouse. Human and macaque IgG competed for binding to rV in vitro with a mouse monoclonal antibody, previously shown to protect mice against challenge with plague, suggesting that this protective B-cell epitope on rV is conserved between these three species. Total IgG to rV in individuals and the titer of IgG competing for binding to rV correlated significantly at days 21 (r ‫؍‬ 0.72; P < 0.001) and 28 (r ‫؍‬ 0.82; P < 0.001). Passive transfer of protective immunity into mice also correlated significantly with total IgG titer to rF1 plus rV at days 21 (r 2 ‫؍‬ 98.6%; P < 0.001) and 28 (r 2 ‫؍‬ 76.8%; P < 0.03). However, no significant vaccination-related change in activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was detected at any time. Potential serological immune correlates of protection have been investigated, but no trends specific to vaccination could be detected in cellular markers.

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Studies on the Experimental Epidemiology ofRespiratory Infections VIII. Experimental Pneumonic Plague in Macacus Rhesus

Cited by 40 publications

References 0 publications

Current Trends in Plague Research: From Genomics to Virulence

Current Trends in Plague Research: From Genomics to Virulence

Issues Affecting Respirator Selection for Workers Exposed to Infectious Aerosols: Emphasis on Healthcare Settings

Human Immune Response to a Plague Vaccine Comprising Recombinant F1 and V Antigens

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