Studies on the immunomodulatory effect of extract of Cyanodon dactylon in shrimp, Penaeus monodon, and its efficacy to protect the shrimp from white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)

Immunomodulatory effect of Withania somnifera supplementation diet in the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) against Aeromonas hydrophila

“…The cumulative mortality was 40% and 30% in 0.01% and 1.0% supplementation diets while high in 0% and 0.01% diets with 85% and 55%. The similar results were reported in other prawns against diets or pathogens [16,17,21,21,25,26]. The conclusion in the present study suggests that increasing PO activity, nitric oxide levels, and superoxide anion production in contrast to decreased SOD in M. rosenbergii fed with 0.1% and 11.0% W. somnifera supplementation diets act as a promoter of the prawn immune system against A. hydrophila infection.…”

“…The potential immunostimulating properties of natural and commercial plant-derived products were evaluated for immunostimulation purpose in finfish and shellfish aquaculture against viral and bacterial diseases [21e23]. Screening of various Indian medicinal plants and aqueous extract of Cyanodon dactylon showed strongest antiviral activity against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) [21,24]. Dietary administration of bovine lactoferrin and selenium enriched-diet influences the immune ability and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in M. rosenbergii [25,26].…”

Dietary supplementation with Cynodon dactylon (L.) enhances innate immunity and disease resistance of Indian major carp, Catla catla (Ham.)

“…Traditional healers also used this plant for purifying the blood, anuria, biliousness, conjuctivitis, diarrhoea, gonorrhoea, itches and stomachache [13]. C. dactylon possesses various interesting characteristics like antidiabetic potential activity [56]; antibacterial activity against several pathogenic bacteria including A. hydrophila [57] and immunomodulatory effect on Penaeus monodon against White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) [58]. The present study reveals that C. dactylon is very effective immunostimulant in fish against A. hydrophila infection.…”

“…Previously, preliminary phytochemical screening of the C. dactylon ethanolic extract (tannin, quinones and phenols) and GCeMS analyse [Tricosane, 1, 2-Propanediol 3-benzyloxy-1,2-diacetyl, Dibutyl phthalate, Phthalic acid, Butyl undecyl ester, Stigmastat-5-En-3eOI,Oleat, Phosphine Oxide, Bis-Pentamethylphenyl, transphytol (6.05%), Butylaldehyde, 4-benzyloxy-4-(2,2,-dimethyl-4-dioxolanyl), 1-Adamantanecarboxylic acid, 2-Isopropoxyphenyl ester, (Z) 6-Pentadecen-1-ol] were reported by Kaleeswaran et al [58]. The immunostimulatory activity of the present study might be due to phytoconstituents of C. dactylon L. Therefore, it seems that C. dactylon L. ethanolic extract is a promising one, which either harbour one or many active principles with the potential for stimulating immune system in fish individually or synchronized action basis.…”

Anti-lipopolysaccharide factor isoform 3 from Penaeus monodon (ALFPm3) exhibits antiviral activity by interacting with WSSV structural proteins

“…The WSSV infection in shrimp causes a 100% mortality rate within 7-10 d and results in enormous economic losses in the shrimp farming industry (Flegel, 1997). Thus, several preventive and curative measures have been developed, such as vaccination (Rout et al, 2007;Satoh et al, 2008), immunostimulants (Chotigeat et al, 2004;Balasubramanian et al, 2008), direct neutralization by antiviral proteins (Dupuy et al, 2004;Tharntada et al, 2009) and RNAi (Ongvarrasopone et al, 2008), although they have not been successfully implemented in shrimp farms. In addition, the innate immunity in shrimp has been studied intensively in order to understand the response of shrimp to viral infections, including to WSSV .…”