Studies on Water Transport Through the Sweet Cherry Fruit Surface: IV. Regions of Preferential Uptake

Beyer, Marco; Peschel, Stefanie; Knoche, Moritz; Knörgen, M.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.37.4.637

Cited by 42 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Herrington, unpublished data) in southeast Queensland: following a rainfall event "more ripe" fruit have more damage than less ripe fruit and cultivars may differ in their response. Similar results have been found with other crops (Beyer et al, 2002;Granger, 2005) while Herrington et al (2009) reported differences in the extent of damage among strawberry cultivars following rain events.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Rain Damage on Three Strawberry Cultivars Grown in Subtropical Queensland

Herrington¹,

Hardner

Wegener

et al. 2013

International Journal of Fruit Science

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Rain Damage on Three Strawberry Cultivars Grown in Subtropical Queensland

Herrington¹,

Hardner

Wegener

et al. 2013

International Journal of Fruit Science

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“…Since A remained essentially constant, ΔΨ and/or L w of the exocarp must have changed. Furthermore, in non-sealed fruit, the pedicel/fruit juncture represents a signifi cant parallel pathway for water uptake (Beyer et al, 2002b) that could also be affected by salts. Earlier studies established that AlCl 3 , EuCl 3 , and FeCl 3 , but not CaCl 2 , decreased conductance of the sweet cherry exocarp (Beyer et al, 2002a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FeCl 3 had little effect on water uptake along this pathway since penetration into fruit that was sealed except for the juncture was reduced by only 17.5% (F II /F I ) and 13.4% (F III /F I ). The absence of a larger effect on penetration along the juncture may also account for the decrease in effectiveness of FeCl 3 in developing ʻReginaʼ fruit, since juncture penetration markedly increases towards maturity (Beyer et al, 2002b). PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS.…”

Section: Effect On the Driving Force For Water Uptake (δψ)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water uptake was restricted to the fruit exocarp by removing the pedicel by gently pulling and sealing the hole above the stony endocarp with silicone rubber (Dow Corning 3140 RTV coating;Dow Corning Corp.,Midland,Mich.). This procedure eliminated uptake along the parallel pathway of the pedicel/fruit juncture (Beyer et al, 2002b). Water uptake was determined gravimetrically (BP 211 D; Sartorius AG, Göttingen, Germany).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Studies on Water Transport through the Sweet Cherry Fruit Surface: VIII. Effect of Selected Cations on Water Uptake and Fruit Cracking

Weichert¹,

Jagemann²,

Peschel³

et al. 2004

jashs

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Water uptake through the exocarp of intact sweet cherry [Prunus avium (L.)] fruit was determined gravimetrically in an immersion assay (25 °C). Fruit with sealed pedicel/fruit juncture were incubated in water during the first interval (0 to 0.75 hour) and in 10 mm salt solutions of selected cations during the second (0.75 to 1.5 hours) and third interval (1.5 to 2.25 hours) of an experiment. Rates of water uptake (F) were calculated for first, second and third intervals (FI, FII and FIII, respectively) and salt effects indexed by the ratios FII/FI and FIII/FI. AgNO3 (FII/FI = 0.65), NaCl (0.70), BaCl2 (0.67), CdCl2 (0.69), CuCl2 (0.42), HgCl2 (0.58), and SrCl2 (0.69), and the salts of trivalent cations AlCl3 (0.50), EuCl3 (0.58), and FeCl3 (0.49), significantly decreased water uptake into mature `Sam' fruit as compared to the water control (0.87). KCl (0.82), NH4Cl (0.85), CaCl2 (0.75), MgCl2 (0.88), MnCl2 (0.81), and ZnCl2 (0.72) had no effect, LiCl (1.00) increased uptake. Similar data were obtained for FIII/FI. The effect of FeCl3 on water uptake was independent of the presence of CaCl2, AlCl3, or CuCl2, as sequential or simultaneous treatment with these salts reduced water uptake to the same extent as with FeCl3 alone. Increasing FeCl3 concentration up to 1 mm decreased uptake, higher concentrations had no further effect. FeCl3 and CaCl2 to a smaller extent decreased water uptake in developing `Regina' sweet cherry fruit (55 to 91 days after full bloom). FeCl3 had no significant effect on water uptake along the pedicel/fruit juncture, but markedly reduced uptake through the exocarp of all cultivars investigated (`Burlat', `Early Rivers', `Hedelfinger', `Knauffs', `Regina', `Sam', `Summit', and `Van'). Effects of CaCl2 on water uptake were limited to `Burlat', `Early Rivers', and `Hedelfinger'. CaCl2 and FeCl3 both decreased fruit cracking, but FeCl3 was more effective. The mode of action of mineral salts in decreasing water uptake and fruit cracking and their potential for field use are discussed.

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“…uptake calculated from the rate of water absorption of detached sweet cherry fruit. When incubating 'Sam' sweet cherry fruit (pedicel/fruit juncture and pedicel end sealed) in deionized water at 20°C an F fruit of 1.47 × 10 -6 g·s -1 per fruit was obtained (Beyer et al, 2002). Assuming a spherical shape of the fruit as a first approximation (A fruit = 1.84 × 10 -3 m 2 per fruit), a J of 7.99 × 10 -4 g·s -1 ·m -2 was calculated.…”

Section: Theoretical Model For Water Uptake In An Osmotic Sys-temmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Water Transport through the Sweet Cherry Fruit Surface: V. Conductance for Water Uptake

Beyer¹,

Knoche²

2002

jashs

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Rain-induced cracking of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) fruit is thought to be related to water absorption through the fruit surface. Conductance for water uptake (gtot. uptake) through the fruit surface of `Sam' sweet cherry was studied gravimetrically by monitoring water penetration from a donor solution of deionized water through segments of the outer pericarp into a polyethyleneglycol (PEG) containing receiver solution. Segments consisting of cuticle plus five to eight cell layers of epidermal and hypodermal tissue were mounted in stainless steel diffusion cells. Conductance was calculated from flow rates of water across the segment and the difference in osmotic potential between donor and receiver solution. Flow rates were constant up to 12 hours and decreased thereafter. A log normal distribution of gtot. uptake was observed with a median of 0.97 × 10-7 m·s-1. Further, gtot. uptake was not affected by storage duration (up to 71 days) of fruit used as a source of segments, thickness of segments (range 0.1 to 4.8 mm), or segment area exposed in the diffusion cell. Osmolality of the receiver solution in the range from 1140 to 3400 mmol·kg-1 had no effect on gtot. uptake (1.45 ± 0.42 × 10-7 m·s-1), but gtot. uptake increased by 301% (4.37 ± 0.46 × 10-7 m·s-1) at 300 mmol·kg-1. gtot. uptake was highest in the stylar scar region of the fruit (1.44 ± 0.16 × 10-7 m·s-1) followed by cheek (1.02 ±0.21 × 10-7 m·s-1), suture (0.57 ±0.17 × 10-7 m·s-1) and pedicel cavity regions (0.22 ±0.09 × 10-7 m·s-1). Across regions, gtot. uptake was related positively to stomatal density. Extracting total cuticular wax by dipping fruit in chloroform/methanol increased gtot. uptake from 1.18 ± 0.23 × 10-7 m·s-1 to 2.58 ± 0.41 × 10-7 m·s-1, but removing epicuticular wax by cellulose acetate stripping had no effect (1.59 ± 0.28 × 10-7 m·s-1). Water flux increased with increasing temperature (range 20 to 45 °C). Conductance differed between cultivars with `Hedelfinger' sweet cherry having the highest gtot. uptake (2.81 ± 0.26 × 10-7 m·s-1), followed by `Namare' (2.68 ± 0.26 × 10-7 m·s-1), `Kordia' (0.96 ± 0.14 × 10-7 m·s-1), `Sam' (0.87 ± 0.15 × 10-7 m·s-1), and `Adriana' (0.33 ± 0.02 × 10-7 m·s-1). The diffusion cell system described herein may be useful in analyzing conductance in water uptake through the fruit surface of sweet cherry and its potential relevance for fruit cracking.

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Studies on Water Transport Through the Sweet Cherry Fruit Surface: IV. Regions of Preferential Uptake

Cited by 42 publications

References 12 publications

Rain Damage on Three Strawberry Cultivars Grown in Subtropical Queensland

Rain Damage on Three Strawberry Cultivars Grown in Subtropical Queensland

Studies on Water Transport through the Sweet Cherry Fruit Surface: VIII. Effect of Selected Cations on Water Uptake and Fruit Cracking

Studies on Water Transport through the Sweet Cherry Fruit Surface: V. Conductance for Water Uptake

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