Study by gas-liquid chromatography of the interactions between linear or branched polystyrenes and solvents in the temperature range 60°–200°C

Galin, Monique; Rupprecht, M. C.

doi:10.1016/0032-3861(78)90272-0

Cited by 45 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In this work, n-decane, a nonsolvent for polystyrene, was used to obtain the retention volume at several temperatures below the glass transition of polystyrene (that is, 373 K). An average value of 0.185 m2/g was obtained for S,, in good agreement with the values obtained by Galin and Rupprecht (1978) for two different probes, n-decane and n-hexadecane. The specific surface area so determined in this work corresponds to coverage by polystyrene molecules and is referred to as the specific surface area of Chromosorb W-HP accessible to polystyrene.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Polymer Film Thicknesssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…To verify this behavior, a plot of the first moment vs. t,,, was performed. Figure 1 illustrates the linear behavior of pl with t,,, for PS-toluene at 413 and 433 K. The partition coefficient values were determined to be 35.5 at 413 K and 23.8 at 433 K, which yield weight-fraction activity coefficient values of 5.17 and 5.23, respectively, in good agreement with other results (Hadj Romdhane and Danner, 1991; New- man and Prauznitz, 1972; Galin and Rupprecht, 1978). The partition coefficient values obtained at each temperature were then used in Eq.…”

Section: Tests Of the Pcigc Modelsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The surface area of Chromosorb W-HP was determined through the same procedure adopted by Galin and Rupprecht (1978) and Braun and Guillet (1975). The principle behind this procedure is that for a system consisting of a glassy polymer and a nonsolvent, the retention mechanism is restricted to surface adsorption.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Polymer Film Thicknessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polymer‐solvent diffusion and equilibrium parameters by inverse gas‐liquid chromatography

Romdhane

Danner

1993

AIChE Journal

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The solubility and diffusion coefficients of low-molecular-weight penetrants in a polymeric stationary phase were determined by use of inverse gas chromatography (IGC). Previously reported applications of packed-column IGC to the measurement of the stationary-phase diffusion coefficient have been carried out via the van Deemter approach. We present here a new mathematical model to describe the chromatographic process in packed columns. A moment analysis procedure was developed from this model to analyze the chromatographicpeaks eluting from packed columns. The first moment (mean retention time) is determined to depend only on the equilibrium partition coefficient, whereas the second moment ( variance) is related to both the thermodynamic and transport properties of the polymer-solute system. The validity of the technique was demonstrated by measuring the diffusivity and solubility of toluene and benzene in polystyrene above the glass transition temperature of the polymer. Free-volume theory was used to interpret and correlate the diffusivity data obtained at infinite dilution of the solute. One can use the results obtained at infinite dilution to predict reliably via the free-volume theory the concentration and temperature dependence of polymer-solvent diffusion coefficients.

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Section: Evaluation Of the Polymer Film Thicknesssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Tests Of the Pcigc Modelsupporting

confidence: 84%

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Polymer‐solvent diffusion and equilibrium parameters by inverse gas‐liquid chromatography

Romdhane

Danner

1993

AIChE Journal

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“…Several other approximations have been proposed in the literature 16, 19–26. In all cases, the discussion concerns the supposed disposition of the coating on the beads.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the diffusion coefficients of organic solvents in polyepichlorohydrin: A comparative study of inverse gas chromatography and sorption methods

Etxabarren¹,

Iriarte²,

Etxeberria³

et al. 2003

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:The diffusivity of organic solvents in polyepichlorohydrin was studied with two different experimental setups: inverse gas chromatography (IGC) with packed columns and sorption measurements in gravimetric experiments monitored in a Cahn electrobalance. The aim of this work was to test the possibility of solving an inherent problem in the data reduction of IGC measurements, that is, the necessity of characterizing the morphology of the polymer coated on the support (usually given in the so-called geometric factor of the column). Temperatures between 35 and 65°C were used in the IGC experiments, whereas the sorption measurements were performed between 30 and 40°C. Glass beads were used as supports in IGC for obtaining data concerning the variation of the plate height with the average gas velocity, with which the use of the Van Deemter equation allowed the determination of the diffusion coefficient if the geometric factor was known. In the sorption experiments, the diffusion coefficients at different penetrant activities were directly measured. For their extrapolation within the same concentration range used for IGC (infinite dilution of the penetrant), the theoretical model of Vrentas and Duda was used. By a combination of sorption and IGC experiments, the geometric factor of an IGC column could be adjusted, and this allowed the determination of the diffusion parameters of any other solvent in the same column.

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“…Determined from R," data taken at given temperature (26). (27,28). We use their values because they seem to be the only values available for our solvents.…”

Section: Fig 3 Comparison F O R K1 Versus Temperature F O R Waterpomentioning

confidence: 99%

A diffusion coefficient model for polymer devolatilization

Misovich

Grulke

Blanks³

1987

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Polymer devolatilizers are in widespread use in the polymer industry for removing solvents and monomers from polymer melts prior to product fabrication. Design equations for describing the solvent flux usually include both the diffusion coefficient of the solvent in the polymer melt and the equilibrium concentration of the solvent at the polymer‐vapor interface. Several models make the as sumption that the solvent diffusivity is constant over the ranges of solvent concentrations and temperatures in the devolatilizer. This is a critical assumption that may be difficult to check without obtaining diffusivity data at the operating temperatures and concentrations of the process equipment. There are three models that can be used for diffusion coefficients in devolatilizer design: the free volume model developed by Duda, Vrentas, and coworkers; a new linear model proposed in this study; and a constant diffusivity model, The linear model is obtained by combining a new correlation for solvent activity coefficients in molten polymers with free volume theory and linearizing the resulting equation. The error between using the complete free volume theory and using the linear model, or alternatively, using a constant diffusion coefficient, is calculated for several solvent‐polymer systems. The linear model is convenient to use for determining the effects of the solvent activity coefficient on the diffusion coefficient. A method is presented for determining whether the complete model, the linear model, or the constant diffusivity model is appropriate for a given devolatilizer design.

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Study by gas-liquid chromatography of the interactions between linear or branched polystyrenes and solvents in the temperature range 60°–200°C

Cited by 45 publications

References 38 publications

Polymer‐solvent diffusion and equilibrium parameters by inverse gas‐liquid chromatography

Polymer‐solvent diffusion and equilibrium parameters by inverse gas‐liquid chromatography

Determination of the diffusion coefficients of organic solvents in polyepichlorohydrin: A comparative study of inverse gas chromatography and sorption methods

A diffusion coefficient model for polymer devolatilization

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