Study Design, Precision, and Validity in Observational Studies

Carlson, Melissa; Morrison, R. Sean

doi:10.1089/jpm.2008.9690

Cited by 403 publications

(310 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This analysis relied on indirect comparison evidence, which involves all the caveats and limitations of an observational study, including confounding, selection and definitions of end points, and data availability [49]. Inclusion criteria were similar across trials however, differences are worth noting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative effectiveness of delayed-release dimethyl fumarate versus glatiramer acetate in multiple sclerosis patients: results of a matching-adjusted indirect comparison

et al. 2017

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Aim: Using matching-adjusted indirect comparison, we compared efficacy outcomes in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis treated with delayed-release dimethyl fumarate (DMF) or glatiramer acetate (GA). Materials & methods: An indirect comparison of DMF (patient-level data) and GA (aggregate data) was conducted, with average baseline characteristics of DMF patients weighted to match those for GA patients. Direct comparison of DMF and GA was conducted in CONFIRM. Final results pooled the indirect and direct comparisons using meta-analysis. Results: After matching, baseline characteristics were balanced between DMF and GA patients. Compared with GA, efficacy was significantly in favor of DMF as measured by annualized relapse rate (rate ratio: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.57-1.00; p = 0.0474) and 12-week confirmed disability progression (risk ratio: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.46-0.76; p < 0.0001). Conclusion: DMF demonstrated superior clinical efficacy versus GA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative effectiveness of delayed-release dimethyl fumarate versus glatiramer acetate in multiple sclerosis patients: results of a matching-adjusted indirect comparison

et al. 2017

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“…In addition, this design only required a one‐off contribution (Carlson & Morrison, 2009), which was quite inexpensive and so increased the study's feasibility.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with self‐management among Vietnamese adults with type 2 diabetes

et al. 2018

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AimThe study described diabetes self‐management (DSM), diabetes knowledge, family and friends’ support, healthcare providers’ support, belief in treatment effectiveness and diabetes management self‐efficacy, and explored DSM's associations among Vietnamese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).DesignA cross‐sectional design was applied.MethodsThe study used self‐report questionnaires to collect data from 198 participants. Descriptive statistics and structural equation modelling (SEM) was used for data analysis.ResultsVietnamese adults with T2DM performed DSM limitedly in certain aspects. They had strong belief in treatment effectiveness, good family and friends support, limited diabetes knowledge, healthcare professional support and self‐efficacy. Their DSM was directly associated with diabetes knowledge, family and friends’ support, healthcare providers’ support, belief in treatment effectiveness and diabetes management self‐efficacy. Their DSM was indirectly associated with diabetes knowledge and family and friends’ support through their belief in treatment effectiveness and diabetes management self‐efficacy.

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“…The most apparent is in the cross-sectional design. This design makes it difficult to establish causality and there is not a distinction between prevalent and incident SLT cases (Carlson and Morrison, 2009). The latter aspect of the cross-sectional study design limitation is especially relevant to this analysis with the assessment of initiation factors.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Motivating Factors For Smokeless Tobacmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Motivating Factors for Smokeless Tobacco Use in Two Indian States

Danawala¹,

Arora²,

Stigler³

2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Background: This study was conducted to gauge how the demographic profile of smokeless tobacco (SLT) users from Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh, India, differs from that of smokers. It also addresses how factors associated with the initiation and continuation of smokeless tobacco vary by age, gender, and education. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 2011 cross-sectional survey data collected from 4,759 respondents (smokers/SLT users/ non-users) in both states. Chi-square analysis was used to make comparisons between the demographic profiles of smokers and SLT users. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to obtain the odds ratios (ORs) for initiation and continuation factors regressed on socio-demographic variables (age, gender, education). Results: Initiation-women were less likely than men to report "peer pressure", "fashion statement", and "stress/coping

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Study Design, Precision, and Validity in Observational Studies

Cited by 403 publications

References 13 publications

Comparative effectiveness of delayed-release dimethyl fumarate versus glatiramer acetate in multiple sclerosis patients: results of a matching-adjusted indirect comparison

Comparative effectiveness of delayed-release dimethyl fumarate versus glatiramer acetate in multiple sclerosis patients: results of a matching-adjusted indirect comparison

Factors associated with self‐management among Vietnamese adults with type 2 diabetes

Analysis of Motivating Factors for Smokeless Tobacco Use in Two Indian States

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