Study of Alpha Adducin Gene Polymorphism in Young Essential Hypertensive North Indians

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disorders such as stroke, heart failure, vascular disease, and end-stage renal disease, and is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The polymorphism of α adducin (ADD1) gene and their expression in the related tissue can reveal the mystery of essential hypertension and this can help in diagnosis, prognosis and management of essential hypertension. This gene analysis would provide a better approach for identifying the genotype-phenotype correlations. Objective: This study was designed to examine the relationship between α-adducin gene polymorphism (Gly460Trp) and essential hypertension in North Indian population. Methods: The subjects were recruited randomly including 101 patients of essential hypertension and 151 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymerase (RFLP). Results: We found that frequencies of the alpha adducin Trp alleles in hypertensive and control groups were 0.21 and 0.11, respectively. There was approximately double increase in the 460-Trp allele frequency in the North Indian hypertensives compared with the normotensives. Conclusion: The rs 4961 polymorphism of the ADD1 gene is associated with essential hypertension. We found a significant association between the Gly460Trp gene polymorphism of the alpha adducin and hypertension in a North Indian population. Furthermore, the study indicated that alpha adducin might be a susceptible gene to essential hypertension in North Indian population.