No abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disorders such as stroke, heart failure, vascular disease, and end-stage renal disease, and is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The polymorphism of α adducin (ADD1) gene and their expression in the related tissue can reveal the mystery of essential hypertension and this can help in diagnosis, prognosis and management of essential hypertension. This gene analysis would provide a better approach for identifying the genotype-phenotype correlations. Objective: This study was designed to examine the relationship between α-adducin gene polymorphism (Gly460Trp) and essential hypertension in North Indian population. Methods: The subjects were recruited randomly including 101 patients of essential hypertension and 151 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymerase (RFLP). Results: We found that frequencies of the alpha adducin Trp alleles in hypertensive and control groups were 0.21 and 0.11, respectively. There was approximately double increase in the 460-Trp allele frequency in the North Indian hypertensives compared with the normotensives. Conclusion: The rs 4961 polymorphism of the ADD1 gene is associated with essential hypertension. We found a significant association between the Gly460Trp gene polymorphism of the alpha adducin and hypertension in a North Indian population. Furthermore, the study indicated that alpha adducin might be a susceptible gene to essential hypertension in North Indian population.

Objective:The present study was aimed to investigate effect of Light exposute at night on 24 hours chronomics of BP/HR in terms of Double amplitude, Acrophase and Hyperbaric index and its relation with circadian rhythm of salivary cortisol and 6 sulfatoxy melatonin in rotating night shift nursing professionals and actual day workers.Design & Methods:56 night shift nurses, aged 20 to 40 years, performing day and night shift duties were recruited from the Trauma Center, KGMU, India, and 56 age sex matched actual day workers were also enrolled as controls. BP and HR were recorded by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) at every 30 min intervals in day time and each hour in night time during shift duties.Results:Highly significant difference was found in double amplitude (2DA) of among between night (23.10 ± 14.68) and day shift (34.27 ± 16.44) (p < 0.0005). In night shift, hyperbaric index (HBI) of mean SBP was found to be increased at 00 to 03 am (midnight) while during day shift, peak was found at 06 to 09 am. HBI of mean HR was found to be increased at 18 to 21 pm during night shift while in controls, peak was found at 09 to 12 & again 15 to 18 pm of SBP, DBP & HR. Alterations in Acrophase of BP/HR were very common among night shift workers and Ecphasia was found in few nights shift workers. Difference was found in night cortisol levels among night (4.08 ± 3.28) vs day shift (2.62 ± 2.37), while in comparison to night shift or day shift with controls (1.82 ± 1.18) these difference was significant (p < 0.05).Conclusion:Alteration in mean morning melatonin and Increased Night cortisol level were found during night shift. Reverse pattern of Acrophase and HBI of BP & HR along with salivary cortisol during night shift represents desynchronization. It indicates that the circadian rhythm was disrupted during night shift and recovery occurs during day shit.

Background:Our bodies function optimally when we align our eating & sleeping patterns with our circadian rhythms, the innate 24-hour cycles that tell our bodies when to wake up, when to eat and when to fall asleep. Chronically disrupting this rhythm by eating late night meals & sleep could be a recipe for Hypertension, CVD, and metabolic trouble.Aim & Objective:The aim of this study is to investigate whether there was a relationship between morningness(MC) (110n) intermediate(IC) (100n) & eveningness chronotype(EC) (35n) in T2DM.Methods:A total of 245 subjects age 18 to 60 years were recruited in Clinical OPD of General Medicine, KGMU. We have tested FBG & PP level, lipid profile HbA1c, Insulin, Leptin and Cortisol level, 48 hours ABPM.Result:When we compared these 3 groups, Significant Different parameters found in FBG (P = 0.01) Postprandial (P = 0.03) HbA1c (P = 0.001) TG (P = 0.0001), Total Cholesterol (P = 0.01) & VLDL (P = 0.005). It also shows the complete inversion of the cortisol level (0.003). Insulin, IL-1 beta & IL-6 also show significant change in late night eating T2DM Patients. Systolic / Diastolic readings of ABPM shows significant change between MC and IC (0.005) but not b/w EC & IC (0.007). And for reliability of sleep by actigraphy shows MC (6:15 + 1:35) & EC (8:18 + 1:23) take complete sleep but IC total sleep hours (5:10 + 1:05) are very less. Disruption of Rev Erb & Ror alpha gene expression is also a risk factor for Cardio metabolic Diseases in T2DM Patients.Conclusion:Eveniningness & Intermediate Type Patients are more likely to have late night eaters & are associated with greater risk of Metabolic Disorders like Blood Pressure Variability, Dyslipidemia, T2DM & CVD.

Objective: This study was aimed to investigate the effect of Light at night and Rotating night shift as risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. 24 hours chronomics of BP/HR in terms of Double amplitude, Acrophase and Hyperbaric index and its relation with circadian rhythm of salivary cortisol and 6 sulfatoxy melatonin levels in night shift nursing professional. Design and method: 56 night shift nurses, aged 20 to 40 years, performing day and night shift duties were recruited from the Trauma Center, KGMU, India, and 56 age sex matched actual day workers were also enrolled as controls. During their night and day shift duties, BP/HR were recorded by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) along with circadian pattern of cortisol in saliva, metalonin in urine also tested. Results: Highly significant difference was found in double amplitude (2DA) of among between night (23.10 ± 14.68) and day shift (34.27 ± 16.44) (p < 0.0005). In night shift, hyperbaric index (HBI) of mean SBP was found to be increased at 00 to 03 am (midnight) while during day shift, peak was found at 06 to 09 am. HBI of mean HR was found to be increased at 18 to 21 pm during night shift while in controls, peak was found at 09 to 12 & again 15 to 18 pm of SBP, DBP & HR. Alterations in Acrophase of BP/HR were very common among night shift workers and Ecphasia was found in few nights shift workers. Difference was found in night cortisol levels among night (4.08 ± 3.28) vs day shift (2.62 ± 2.37), while in comparison to night shift or day shift with controls (1.82 ± 1.18) these difference was significant (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Alteration in morning melatonin and Night cortisol level were found during night shift. Reverse pattern of Acrophase and HBI of BP/HR along with salivary cortisol during night shift represents desynchronization. It indicates that the circadian rhythm was disrupted during night shift and incomplete recovery occurs during day shift. It may leads to future cardio vascular diseases risk.