Study of callus growth and organ formation in wheat (Triticum aestivum) tissue cultures

Abstract

DUDITS, D., G. NEMET, and Z. HAYDU. 1975. Study of callus growth and organ formation In wheat (Triticlrtn aestii~rrtn) tissue cultures. Can. J. Bot.153: 957-963. Callus cultures of wheat (Tritic~rm aestivlrtn L.) were established by incubation of segments from root tips, shoots of seedlings, and from rachis with B5 and T media. 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, Benazolin, and Banvel D (Dicamba) were found to be appropriate growth regulators for initiation and maintenance of wheat callus cultures. Cytokinins inhibited callus growth. This effect was less pronounced with zeatin than with kinetin and benzyladenine. Supplementation of media with cytokinins, however, increased the number of roots formed in the callus. Shoots and complete plants were regenerated from rachis and shoot callus. DUDITS, D., G. NEMET et Z. HAYDU. 1975. Study of callus growth and organ formation in wheat (Triticum aestivlrm) tissue cultures. Can. J. Bot. 53: 957-963. Des cultures de callus de ble (Triticum aestivum L.) ont et6 obtenues en incubant sur les milieux B5 et T des segments d'extrkmites de racines et de tiges de plantules, ainsi que de rachis.L'acide 2,4,5-trichlorophCnoxy-acetique, la Benazoline et le Banvel D (Dicamba) se sont avCrCs des rkgulateurs de croissance efficaces pour assurer I'initiation et le maintien des cultures de callus de blC. Les cytokinines inhibaient la croissance des callus. Cet effet Ctait moins prononcC avec la zeatine qu'avec la kinetine et la benzyladtnine. Cependant, I'addition de cytokinines dans les milieux augmentait le nombre de racines formees dans le callus. Des tiges et des plantes complktes se sont r6gCnCrkes partir de callus de rachis et de tiges.[Traduit par le journal]

Callus induction and plant regeneration from immature embryos of rye and triticale

“…An average of 20-25 regenerants were obtained per culture. Tile usefulness of Z and IAA in regeneration in cereal cultures has been reported by previous workers [2,4]. In triticale, 6% of the cultures gave rise to chlorophyll variants like striated and albino variants (Fig.…”

“…The usefulness of 2,4-D as an effective auxin for caUus initiation and growth has been demonstrated for wheat [4,11], maize [5,6], barley [1] and triticale [13]. 2,4,5-T has been found to be very effective in caUus cultures of wheat [2]. Except in Sorghum [3], cytokinins have not proved necessary for initiation and maintenance of cereal cultures.…”

Wheat plants regenerated from embryo cell cultures.

“…Shoots rarely have been redifferentiated from calluses derived from roots of germinating wheat (Shimada et al 1969). Dudits et al (1975) reported the regeneration of shoots and entire plantlets from rachis and shoot calluses of wheat, but the calluses failed to form shoots in subsequent subcultures.…”

“…With wheat (Triticum aestivum), only a very few plants have been obtained sporadically from wheat cultures derived from various organs (Shimada et al 1969;Dudits et al 1975). Stable, regenerated plants in wheat should be possible, since disease-resistant plants of maize (Gengenbach et al 1977) and potato (Matern et al 1978), and herbicide-resistant plants of tobacco (Chaleff and Parsons 1978) have been obtained by tissue culture techniques.…”

Embryogenesis from cultured immature inflorescences and nodes ofLolium multiflorum

“…Recently, using cultures derived from immature embryos of Pennisetum americanum, Vasil and Vasil [17] reported obtaining protoplasts capable of colony and plantlet formation. The second choice of explant is the immature inflorescence which has also been shown to produce shoot-forming cultures in Triticum [6,7], Sorghum [3], maize (P. Gordon, personal communication) and several temperate forage grasses [11 ]. There are also reports of plantlet formation from cultures of node origin in rye [16].…”