Study of comparative antipneumococcal activities of penicillin G, RP 59500, erythromycin, sparfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and vancomycin by using time-kill methodology

Pankuch, Glenn A.; Jacobs, Michael; Appelbaum, Peter C.

doi:10.1128/aac.38.9.2065

Cited by 125 publications

(174 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

161

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The MICs of and timekills results for the other compounds tested are similar to those reported by others (7,11,12).…”

supporting

confidence: 78%

“…With the sensitivity threshold and inocula used in these studies, no problems were encountered in delineating 99.9% killing when it occurred. The problem of bacterial carryover was addressed by dilution, as described previously (11,12). For tetracycline and clarithromycin time-kill testing, only strains with MICs of Ͻ8.0 and Ͻ4.0 g/ml, respectively, were tested.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The final inoculum was 5 ϫ 10 5 to 5 ϫ 10 6 CFU/ml. Growth controls with inoculum but no antibiotic were included with each experiment (11,12). Viable-cell counts of antibiotic-containing suspensions were performed according to standard methods (11,12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For time-kill studies, methods described previously were used (11,12). The final inoculum was 5 ϫ 10 5 to 5 ϫ 10 6 CFU/ml.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Growth controls with inoculum but no antibiotic were included with each experiment (11, 12). Viable-cell counts of antibiotic-containing suspensions were performed according to standard methods (11,12). Colony counts were performed on plates yielding 30 to 300 colonies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Antipneumococcal Activities of GAR-936 (a New Glycylcycline) Compared to Those of Nine Other Agents against Penicillin-Susceptible and -Resistant Pneumococci

Hoellman

Pankuch

Jacobs

et al. 2000

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

GAR-936, a new glycylcycline, had lower MICs (<0.016 to 0.125 g/ml) for 201 penicillin-and tetracyclinesusceptible and -resistant pneumococcal strains than tetracycline (<0.06 to 128 g/ml), minocycline (<0.06 to 16.0 g/ml), or doxycycline (<0.06 to 32.0 g/ml). GAR-936 was also bactericidal against 11 of 12 strains tested at the MIC after 24 h, with significant kill rates at earlier time points.The incidence of pneumococcal resistance to penicillin G and other ß-lactam and non-ß-lactam compounds has increased worldwide at an alarming rate (1, 6, 7). In the United States, a recent survey of 1,476 strains showed that 49.6% were penicillin susceptible, 17.9% were of intermediate resistance (penicillin intermediate), and 32.5% were penicillin resistant. Macrolide MICs rose with those of penicillin G, with an overall macrolide resistance level of 33% (8).Resistance to conventional oral tetracyclines (including minocycline and doxycycline) occurs with increased frequency among penicillin-intermediate and -resistant pneumococci, and genes coding for macrolide and tetracycline resistance are carried on the same transposon (6, 7). GAR-936 is a new broad-spectrum parenteral glycylcycline. Preliminary studies have shown that this drug is active against penicillin-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci (13,15).This study compares the activity of GAR-936 against 201 penicillin-susceptible, -intermediate, or -resistant pneumococcal strains with those of three other tetracyclines, four ß-lactams, clarithromycin, and vancomycin. Additionally, the activities of these compounds against 12 penicillin-susceptible and -resistant strains of pneumococci were determined by the broth MIC and time-kill methods.For determination of MICs by agar dilution, 51 penicillinsusceptible, 72 penicillin-intermediate, and 78 penicillin-resistant strains of pneumococci were utilized. For time-kill studies, four penicillin-susceptible, four penicillin-intermediate, and four penicillin-resistant strains were tested; of these, five were tetracycline susceptible (MIC, Յ2.0 g/ml), 1 was tetracycline intermediate (MIC, 4.0 g/ml), and six were tetracycline resistant (MIC, Ն8.0 g/ml).The agar dilution method used in this study to determine MICs of various antimicrobial agents for 201 pneumococcal strains has been used routinely for many years by our group (6, 7); Mueller-Hinton agar (BBL Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, Md.) supplemented with 5% sheep blood was employed. Microbroth MIC determinations for 12 strains were performed in accordance with the protocol recommended by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (9). Standard quality control strains, including Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 (9), were included in each run of agar and broth dilution MIC determinations. All MIC studies were performed in air. All strains, recently isolated from stocks stored at Ϫ70°C and subcultured twice, grew in air and did not require added CO 2 for growth. The susceptibility patterns of these strains are representative of those commonly encountered...

show abstract

“…The MICs of and timekills results for the other compounds tested are similar to those reported by others (7,11,12).…”

supporting

confidence: 78%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For time-kill studies, methods described previously were used (11,12). The final inoculum was 5 ϫ 10 5 to 5 ϫ 10 6 CFU/ml.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Antipneumococcal Activities of GAR-936 (a New Glycylcycline) Compared to Those of Nine Other Agents against Penicillin-Susceptible and -Resistant Pneumococci

Hoellman

Pankuch

Jacobs

et al. 2000

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antibiotics in Biofilm Infections of Pseudomonas aeruginosa In Vitro and In Vivo

Wang

Høiby

Ciofu

2014

Methods in Molecular Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although progress on biofilm research has been obtained during the past decades, the treatment of biofilm infections with antibiotics remains a riddle. The pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles of an antimicrobial agent provide important information helping to establish an efficient dosing regimen and to minimize the development of antimicrobial tolerance and resistance in biofilm infections. Unfortunately, most previous PK/PD studies of antibiotics have been done on planktonic cells, and extrapolation of the results on biofilms is problematic as bacterial biofilms differ from planktonic grown cells in the growth rate, gene expression, and metabolism. Here, we set up several protocols for the studies of PK/PD of antibiotics in biofilm infections of P. aeruginosa in vitro and in vivo. It should be underlined that none of the protocols in biofilms have yet been certificated for clinical use or proved useful for guidance of antibiotic therapy.

show abstract

Exploring the Antibiotic Effects in Bacterial Biofilms by Epifluorescence and Scanning Electron Microscopy

Gomes

Silva

Simões

et al. 2015

Springer Proceedings in Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Study of comparative antipneumococcal activities of penicillin G, RP 59500, erythromycin, sparfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and vancomycin by using time-kill methodology

Cited by 125 publications

References 25 publications

Antipneumococcal Activities of GAR-936 (a New Glycylcycline) Compared to Those of Nine Other Agents against Penicillin-Susceptible and -Resistant Pneumococci

Antipneumococcal Activities of GAR-936 (a New Glycylcycline) Compared to Those of Nine Other Agents against Penicillin-Susceptible and -Resistant Pneumococci

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antibiotics in Biofilm Infections of Pseudomonas aeruginosa In Vitro and In Vivo

Exploring the Antibiotic Effects in Bacterial Biofilms by Epifluorescence and Scanning Electron Microscopy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About