Study of Cutting Edge Temperature and Cutting Force of End Mill Tool in High Speed Machining

Abstract

Abstract.A wear of cutting tools during machining process is unavoidable due to the presence of frictional forces during removing process of unwanted material of workpiece. It is unavoidable but can be controlled at slower rate if the cutting speed is fixed at certain point in order to achieve optimum cutting conditions. The wear of cutting tools is closely related with the thermal deformations that occurred between the frictional contact point of cutting edge of cutting tool and workpiece. This research paper is focused on determinations of relationship among cutting temperature, cutting speed, cutting forces and radial depth of cutting parameters. The cutting temperature is determined by using the Indium Arsenide (InAs) and Indium Antimonide (InSb) photocells to measure infrared radiation that are emitted from cutting tools and cutting forces is determined by using dynamometer. The high speed machining process is done by end milling the outer surface of carbon steel. The signal from the photocell is digitally visualized in the digital oscilloscope. Based on the results, the cutting temperature increased as the radial depth and cutting speed increased. The cutting forces increased when radial depth increased but decreased when cutting speed is increased. The setup for calibration and discussion of the experiment will be explained in this paper.

Investigation on Tool Wear and Surface Characteristics in Hard Turning Under Air-Water Jet Spray Impingement Cooling Environment

“…The higher temperature is reported at higher cutting speeds (182 and 140 m/min) whereas; the variation of temperature due to varying feed is uneven. The depth of cut influencing significantly to the cutting temperature as temperature is increasing with improving the depth of cut because of the higher plastic deformation at the primary and secondary deformation region [22]. ANOVA (Table 4) ensured that the cutting speed (76.8 % contribution) is highly significant for temperature (T) succeeded by the depth of cut (18.8 % contribution) while the feed is irrelevant [23].…”

Development of a cutting edge temperature measurement of end mill tool by using infrared radiation technique

“…A schematic illustration of the experimental setup was shown in Figure 1 and based on previous research [6][7][20][21]. A single indexable end milling cutter was used and optical fiber was positioned at an angle of 180 o from the initial contact point of end mill tool on the workpiece.…”

“…Ueda, Hosokawa, Oda and Yamada (2001) [6] also found that increasing cutting speed will reduce finished surface temperature, but increasing tool-chip contact temperature. Furthermore, Ueda et al (2001) [6] and Kiprawi, Yassin, Syed Shazali, Islam, & Mohd Said (2017) [7] studied the effects of cutting speed and depth of cut on cutting tool temperature of cemented carbide insert. They concluded that the increasing cutting speed and depth of cut will increase the cutting temperature.…”

“…They concluded that the increasing cutting speed and depth of cut will increase the cutting temperature. Cutting speed is the major factor of changes in cutting temperature followed by the depth of cut and feed per tooth [6][7][8][9]. Apart from experimental method, there are empirical and analytical models approach to determine the distribution of energy during machining to simulate the machining process [10][11][12].…”

“…Utilizing electromagnetic radiation (e.m.f.) emitted from cutting tool during machining process as a non-contact temperature measurement [6][7][20][21] is an alternative to the direct contact method. The advantages of non-contact method as a technique of measuring a cutting temperature outweighs the disadvantages of contact method in terms temperature detection range, real-time measurement, non-invasive and durable [22].…”