Study of Degradable Fibers with and without Guar Gum as a Proppant Transport Agent Using Large-Scale Slot Equipment

Kim, Jung Yong; Zhou, Lijun; Morita, Nobuo

doi:10.2118/195808-pa

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Not only do these thinner fibrils have higher aspect ratio, but they are also less prone to gravitational effects given their lower hydrodynamic radius. However, fibrils do not follow a Stokian settling behavior (Kim et al 2021), and their interlocking and entanglement are ubiquitous when their concentration is high enough. Therefore, the behavior of dilute suspensions is not necessarily correlated to the gel-forming capabilities of highly entangled systems (Sanchez-Salvador et al 2020).…”

Section: On the Input Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of cellulose micro/nanofiber aspect ratio and yield of nanofibrillation using machine learning techniques

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

inputs were chosen among these easily controlled or measured variables: Total lignin (wt%), Cellulose (wt%), Hemicellulose (wt%), Extractives (wt%), HPH Energy Consumption (kWh/kg), Cationic Demand (µeq/g), Transmittance at 600 nm and Consistency index (Ostwald-De Waele's k). In both cases, the ANN models trained here provided satisfactory estimates of aspect ratio (MAPE = 4.54% and R 2 = 0.96) and the yield of nanofibrillation (MAPE = 6.74% and R 2 = 0.98), being able to capture the effect of the applied energy along the fibrillation process. RF and LR models resulted in correlation coefficients of 0.93 and 0.95, respectively, for aspect ratio, while for yield of nanofibrillation the correlation coefficients were 0.87 and 0.92.

show abstract

Section: On the Input Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of cellulose micro/nanofiber aspect ratio and yield of nanofibrillation using machine learning techniques

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

The Investigation of Proppant Particle-Fluid Flow in the Vertical Fracture with a Contracted Aperture

Wang

et al. 2021

SPE Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Proppant placement plays a crucial role in maintaining the conductivity of fractures after a hydraulic fracturing treatment. The process involves the transport of particles by fluid flow in complex fractures. Many studies have focused on proppant transport and distribution in the fracture with a constant aperture, but relatively few studies have investigated the proppant-fluid flow in a vertical fracture with a contracted aperture. In this work, we examine experimentally proppant transport in a fracture with a contracted aperture. The objective is to evaluate the distribution of particle beds in the contracted fracture at different flow conditions. In this paper, particle-fluid flow in the contracted fracture is studied experimentally by a laboratory size slot. A planar slot with a constant width is used to benchmark the experimental results, and a published correlation validates the bed equilibrium heights in the planar slot. Six types of particles are chosen to simulate the effects of particle density and size. The proppant distribution is evaluated by the bed height when the bed reaches the equilibrium states. The effects of fluid velocity, fluid viscosity, particle density, particle size, and particle volume fraction on particle distribution are investigated. The results confirm that the proppant particle-fluid flow in the contracted slot is more complicated than that in the planar slot. The phenomena of particle vortices and resuspension were observed at the contraction of the cross-section. The shape on the top of the bed is like a descending stair in which the height gradually decreases in the length direction. The bed height in the contracted slot is lower and more irregular than that in the planar slot at the same flow conditions. Smaller sands injected at a high flow rate and fluid viscosity can form a lower bed. The trend would be reversed by using denser particles and high particle volume fraction. A reliable model expressed by four dimensionless numbers is developed by the linear regression method for predicting the bed equilibrium height. The model and experimental results provide directions to quantitatively evaluate the particle transport and distribution in a fracture with a contracted aperture.

show abstract

Proppant Transport in Hydraulic Fractures by Creating a Capillary Suspension

Bello

2021

SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Slick water fracturing fluids with high viscosity and minimal friction pressure losses are commonly employed in hydraulic fracturing nowadays. At the same time, high injection rates can be used to perform hydraulic fracturing to get the calculated fracture sizes. The conventional algorithm for conducting a standard proppant hydraulic fracturing includes performing a pressure test using a linear gel without a trial proppant pack to determine the quality of communication with the formation and the initial parameters of the fracture; and performing a mini-hydraulic fracturing on a cross-linked gel with a trial proppant pack (1000 - 2000 kg) to assess the parameters of the fracture development used to correct the design of the main hydraulic fracturing operation. However, in complex geological conditions associated with the presence of small clay barriers between the target formation and above or below the water-saturated layers, as well as in low-productive formations, this conventional method of conducting hydraulic fracturing operations using high-viscosity fluids is not always suitable. Hydraulic fracturing in thin-layer formations is associated with a significant risk of the tightness established by the fracture being broken, as well as fluids contained in the underlying or overlying layers being involved in the drainage process. Hydraulic fracturing in low-productive formations creates fractures that are similar in shape to radial fractures, reducing the efficiency and profitability of the impact due to inefficient use of materials and reagents. The main task in this situation is to limit the height of the fracture development and increase their length. It is necessary to use low-viscosity fracturing fluids with a high ability to transfer proppants to reduce the specific pressure in the fracture and control the height of the rupture. The goal of this research is to develop such fluid.

show abstract

Study of Degradable Fibers with and without Guar Gum as a Proppant Transport Agent Using Large-Scale Slot Equipment

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Prediction of cellulose micro/nanofiber aspect ratio and yield of nanofibrillation using machine learning techniques

Prediction of cellulose micro/nanofiber aspect ratio and yield of nanofibrillation using machine learning techniques

The Investigation of Proppant Particle-Fluid Flow in the Vertical Fracture with a Contracted Aperture

Proppant Transport in Hydraulic Fractures by Creating a Capillary Suspension

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About