Study of Electromagnetic Compatibility in Hospital Environments

Gutiérrez, Óscar; Navarro, Miguel A.; Adana, Francisco Sáez de; Escobar, Adolfo; Moncada, María Elena; Munoz, C.

doi:10.4236/jemaa.2014.67014

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…At first, the effective channel matrix for each time slot is calculated using equation (6). For example, the effective channel matrix corresponding to the signal received at Rx1 during the first time slot is given as…”

Section: B Tdma With Two Best Linksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, LiFi simplifies interference handling in very small cells. In hospitals, there are additional requirements to prevent electromagnetic interference (EMI) from medical devices [6]. Accordingly, the key advantages of LiFi are the use of license-free optical spectrum, provision of high data rates in small cells, inherently improved security inside the light beam, EMI-free wireless signaling, and very reliable data transmission [7].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Distributed Multiuser MIMO for LiFi: Experiments in an Operating Room

Mana

Jungnickel

Bober

et al. 2021

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Networked optical wireless communication, also denoted as LiFi, is expected to play an important role in so-called smart hospitals. In this paper, we present the first experimental study of LiFi in an operating room at Motol University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic. First, we perform one-to-one measurements using an optical transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) and observe that channels with a free LOS provide sufficient signal strength for mobile communication inside the operating room. Then we combine the individual LOS links into a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) link using four distributed transmitters representing a wireless infrastructure, and six distributed receivers representing medical devices. In this configuration, at least two strong singular values of the MIMO channel matrix are observed which allow spatial multiplexing. By appropriately clustering the transmitters and selecting the users, mobile devices can be served in parallel. For data transmission, several multiplexing schemes such as time-division multiple access (TDMA) with one and two best links, TDMA with spatial reuse, space-division multiple access (SDMA) with two best links with and without zero forcing (ZF) are considered. Results show that SDMA with ZF increases the data rate by 2.7 times compared to baseline TDMA, resulting in a total data rate of 600 Mbit/s.

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Section: B Tdma With Two Best Linksmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributed Multiuser MIMO for LiFi: Experiments in an Operating Room

Mana

Jungnickel

Bober

et al. 2021

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on in-vitro cellular cultures HeLa and CHO

Restrepo

Tobar

Camargo

et al. 2016

2016 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

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This paper presents the cellular proliferation effects of the exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on in-vitro cellular cultures HeLa and CHO. Through the magnetic stimulation system (MSS) the cells were exposed to magnetic fields with sinusoidal waveform at 50 Hz; initially for 40 minutes at intensities of 0.4 mT, 1.4 mT, 2.13 mT, 2.49 mT and 2.53 mT in parallel and perpendicular directions to the culture plates. Subsequently, the repetitive electromagnetic field (rEMF) was applied to 2.49 mT in parallel direction (for 40 minutes every twelve hours during 4 days) with which the highest cellular proliferation rate was obtained at 66.6 %. The results show a greater effect on proliferation in radiated cell lines, particularly in the application of rEMF a greater effect of ELF-EMF was observed in the proliferation rate of HeLa cells than in CHO cells, in contrast to the respective control cells. These results supported by other studies serve as a reference in the search for alternatives for the treatment of cervical cancer and the maintenance and preservation of cell lines.

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