“…Besides, the fracture or decohesion of various IM phase particles depend on the particle morphology and intrinsic mechanical properties. Therefore, the fracture resistance could be strongly affected by the larger particles of Fe-and Si-containing phases, having the lower fracture strength [13,14]. Since the unsoluble Fe-rich phases present in a form of (Cu,Fe,Mn)Al 3 and Al 7 Cu 2 Fe are mostly observed (particles of (Cu,Fe,Mn,Cr)Al 7 , (Fe,Cr,Mn,Cu) 3 SiAl 12 , AlFeCuTi and AlFeSiMgTi phases are rarely found in microstructure of all three alloys), it may be concluded that the particles containing the Fe impurity element play a crucial role in crack initiation and resultant toughness.…”