Study of Knocking Effect in Compression Ignition Engine with Hydrogen as a Secondary Fuel

Abstract

The aim of this project is detecting knock during combustion of biodiesel-hydrogen fuel and also the knock is suppressed by timed injection of diethyl ether (DEE) with biodiesel-hydrogen fuel for different loads. Hydrogen fuel is an effective alternate fuel in making a pollution-free environment with higher efficiency. The usage of hydrogen in compression ignition engine leads to production of knocking or detonation because of its lower ignition energy, wider flammability range, and shorter quenching distance. Knocking combustion causes major engine damage, and also reduces the efficiency. The method uses the measurement and analysis of cylinder pressure signal for various loads. The pressure signal is to be converted into frequency domain that shows the accurate knocking combustion of fuel mixtures. The variation of pressure signal is gradually increased and smoothly reduced to minimum during normal combustion. The rapid rise of pressure signal has occurred during knocking combustion. The experimental setup was mainly available for evaluating the feasibility of normal combustion by comparing with the signals from both fuel mixtures in compression ignition engine. This method provides better results in predicting the knocking feature of biodiesel-hydrogen fuel and the usage of DEE provides complete combustion of fuels with higher performance, and lower emission.

Hydrogen Technology, a Short Overview

“…❖ Fuel Cell technology has a higher efficiency rate [21] (almost twice as efficient) ❖ Hydrogen fuel tank generally occupies a significant amount of storage space in vehicles ❖ Nitrogen oxides are still emitted onto the atmosphere due to the air provided Oxygen [23] ❖ Victim to the current demonizing of the Internal Combustion Engine ❖ Hydrogen occupies approximately 40% of the combustion chamber volume [24], thus producing significantly less power than an equivalent gasoline ICE ❖ Potential water leakage from the combustion chamber could result in the attenuation of the engine oil lubricating properties [23][24] ❖ Positive Crank Ventilation-Spark Ignition technology is absolutely necessary…”

Development and validation of a chemical reaction solver coupled to the FLASH code for combustion applications

“…RMI has been studied traditionally from the perspective of inertial confinement fusion [39] (ICF) and astrophysical phenomena such as type IA supernovae [40]. Such an interaction of interfacial burning and mixing due to instability might occur in many practical combustion systems, including for example internal combustion engines [41,42], where shock interactions with pockets of dispersed fuel across a material interface is possible. While shock interactions with premixed flames have been investigated numerically [43] and analytically [44], we are not aware of studies of RMI in the context of non-premixed flames.…”

Auto-ignition and reaction kinetic characteristics of hydrogen-enriched n-dodecane mixtures under engine-like thermodynamic conditions

“…[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] However, the characteristics of hydrogen, including extremely low ignition energy (0.02 mJ, 0.24 mJ for diesel), high burning rate (200 cm s −1 , 45 cm s −1 for diesel) and shorter quenching distance (0.64 mm, 2 mm for gasoline), may induce abnormal combustion and a high combustion temperature in marine HICEs, which threaten engine operational safety and raise NO x emissions. 19,20 To mitigate these issues, HICEs normally apply a lean combustion mode. Spark ignition is practical for automotive engines due to their high rotation speed and small cylinder bores.…”