Study of lability of heavy metals in wines with different degrees of aging through differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry

Metals in alcoholic beverages: A review of sources, effects, concentrations, removal, speciation, and analysis

“…Labile metal complexes (ML) are normally more toxic because they are more easily absorbed by organisms (Arcos et al, 1993).…”

Electrochemical and theoretical complexation studies for Zn and Cu with individual polyphenols

“…Heavy metals have been previously quantified and conditional complex formation constants have also been evaluated in acidified wines by Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (DPASV) and Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (ASV) [26,27]. Vasconcelos et al have electrochemically monitored the complexation of Pb [28] and Cu [29] in selected red wines at pH 3.5.…”

Cadmium Contamination of Vegetable Crops, Farmlands, and Irrigation Waters

“…Coupling HPLC with different modes of atomic spectroscopy (AS) has attracted the attention of environmental researchers, and hybrid techniques such as HPLC-inductively coupled plasma (ICP) -AES (Crews et al 1989) provide a practical alternative to classical methods for identifying chemical species. Polarography has been recommended by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC 1990) and several other authors for quantifying Cd in foods, waters, soils, and fertilizers (Arcos et al 1993;Buldini et al 1990;Femando and Plambeck 1992;Nan Chen 1994). Despite the advantage ofleaving the sample unmodified, NAA is comparatively slow and requires expensive equipment and specialized personnel.…”

“…Nan Chen (1994) detected 0.28-1.7 J.lg Cd/L in Australian wine, and Arcos et al (1993) reported Ievels of 1.3-2.2 J.lg/L in Spanish wines; these authors drew attention to the marked retention of Cd by organic and inorganic ligands in wine. In "bootleg" spirits and Iiquors produced with inappropriate processing and storage facilities, Ievels as high as 18.1-37.6 mg/L have been found.…”