Study of personal–indoor–ambient fine particulate matters among school communities in mixed urban–industrial environment in India

Gadkari, Neelima M.

doi:10.1007/s10661-009-0952-3

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Except for the offices in Belgium, the concentrations in this study were obviously lower compared to others [ 22 – 25 , 28 – 31 ]. Several factors influenced the concentrations of PM 2.5 , PM 10 , and TSP in indoor air.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 83%

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in PM2.5, PM10, TSP and Gas Phase in Office Environment in Shanghai, China: Occurrence and Human Exposure

Chen

Ngoc

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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To evaluate risk via inhalation exposure of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in office environment, thirty-six pairs air samples including PM2.5 (particles with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm), PM10 (particles with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm), total suspended particles (TSP) with matching gas phase were collected in office environment in Shanghai, China. The average concentrations of PM2.5, PM10 and TSP were 20.4, 27.2 and 50.3 μg/m3, respectively. Σ15PBDEs mean concentrations in PM2.5, PM10, TSP and gas phase were 51.8, 110.7, 148 and 59.6 pg/m3, respectively. Much more PBDEs distributed in fine fractions than coarse ones. PBDEs congener profiles found in PM2.5, PM10 and TSP (dominated by BDE-209) were different from that in gas phase (dominated by the tri- to penta-BDEs). Approximately 3.20 pg/kg/d PM2.5 bound PBDEs can be inhaled into the lung; 3.62 pg/kg/d PM10-PM2.5(particles with aerodynamic diameter of 2.5-10 μm) bound PBDEs tended to be deposited in the upper part of respiratory system, and the intake of PBDEs via gas-phase was 2.74 pg/kg/d. The exposure of PBDEs was far below the minimal risk levels (MRLs), indicating lower risk from PBDEs via inhalation in the studied office in Shanghai.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 83%

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in PM2.5, PM10, TSP and Gas Phase in Office Environment in Shanghai, China: Occurrence and Human Exposure

Chen

Ngoc

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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“…But the indoor PM concentrations were lower than those reported previously for Delhi, India (Goyal and Khare, 2009). However, they were comparable to those of studies conducted in Chhattisgarh, India (Gadkari, 2010) and Hong Kong (Lee and Chang, 2000). The differences in PM concentrations were correlated with the location of school, seasons, and time period of measurement.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Janssen et al (2001) also observed that PM 2.5 and soot concentrations in both indoor and outdoor air at schools in the Netherlands were significantly increased with increasing density of truck traffic. Gadkari (2010) studied the indoor fine PM among school communities in mixed urbanindustrial environment in India and reported that school located near the steel plant have shown 5-6 times higher values of respirable PM compared with National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Several investigators have compared the PM concentration in different indoor environments such as classrooms, library, administrative office, laboratory, etc., in same school building (Sawant et al, 2004;Diapouli et al, 2008;Gaidajis and Angelakoglou, 2009) and concluded that the resuspension of particles due to occupants' activities plays an important role in indoor coarse particle concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing and predicting coarse and fine particulates in classrooms located close to an urban roadway

Chithra

Nagendra

2014

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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The PM 10 , PM 2.5 , and PM 1 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters <10, <2.5, and <1 mm, respectively) concentrations were monitored over a 90-day period in a naturally ventilated school building located at roadside in Chennai City. The 24-hr average PM 10 , PM 2.5 , and PM 1 concentrations at indoor and outdoor environments were found to be 136 AE 60, 36 AE 15, and 20 AE 12 and 76 AE 42, 33 AE 16, and 23 AE 14 mg/m 3 , respectively. The size distribution of PM in the classroom indicated that coarse mode was dominant during working hours (08:00 a.m. to 04:00 p.m.), whereas fine mode was dominant during nonworking hours (04:00 p.m. to 08:00 a.m.). The increase in coarser particles coincided with occupant activities in the classrooms and finer particles were correlated with outdoor traffic. Analysis of indoor PM 10 , PM 2.5 , and PM 1 concentrations monitored at another school, which is located at urban reserved forest area (background site) indicated 3-4 times lower PM 10 concentration than the school located at roadside. Also, the indoor PM 1 and PM 2.5 concentrations were 1.3-1.5 times lower at background site. Further, a mass balance indoor air quality (IAQ) model was modified to predict the indoor PM concentration in the classroom. Results indicated good agreement between the predicted and measured indoor PM 2.5 (R 2 ¼ 0.72-0.81) and PM 1 (R 2 ¼ 0.81-0.87) concentrations. But, the measured and predicted PM 10 concentrations showed poor correlation (R 2 ¼ 0.17-0.23), which may be because the IAQ model could not take into account the sudden increase in PM 10 concentration (resuspension of large size particles) due to human activities.Implications: The present study discusses characteristics of the indoor coarse and fine PM concentrations of a naturally ventilated school building located close to an urban roadway and at a background site in Chennai City, India. The study results will be useful to engineers and policymakers to prepare strategies for improving the IAQ inside classrooms. Further, this study may help in the development of IAQ standards and guidelines in India.

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“…Additionally, the existence of the NEAP might depend on the context of indoor environment or outdoor environment. As an individual may spend most of their time indoors, and some studies have found that indoor and ambient outdoor pollutants have strong positive relationships [37], others find that total personal fine particle exposures were dominated by exposure to non-ambient indoor particles [38]. Therefore, it is useful to separate exposure to ambient outdoor components from non-ambient indoor ones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who Could Not Avoid Exposure to High Levels of Residence-Based Pollution by Daily Mobility? Evidence of Air Pollution Exposure from the Perspective of the Neighborhood Effect Averaging Problem (NEAP)

Kwan

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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It has been widely acknowledged that air pollution has a considerable adverse impact on people’s health. Disadvantaged groups such as low-income people are often found to experience greater negative effects of environmental pollution. Thus, improving the accuracy of air pollution exposure assessment might be essential to policy-making. Recently, the neighborhood effect averaging problem (NEAP) has been identified as a specific form of possible bias when assessing individual exposure to air pollution and its health impacts. In this paper, we assessed the real-time air pollution exposure and residential-based exposure of 106 participants in a high-pollution community in Beijing, China. The study found that: (1) there are significant differences between the two assessments; (2) most participants experienced the NEAP and could lower their exposure by their daily mobility; (3) three vulnerable groups with low daily mobility and could not avoid the high pollution in their residential neighborhoods were identified as exceptions to this: low-income people who have low levels of daily mobility and limited travel outside their residential neighborhoods, blue-collar workers who spend long hours at low-end workplaces, and elderly people who face many household constraints. Public policies thus need to focus on the hidden environmental injustice revealed by the NEAP in order to improve the well-being of these environmentally vulnerable groups.

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Study of personal–indoor–ambient fine particulate matters among school communities in mixed urban–industrial environment in India

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in PM2.5, PM10, TSP and Gas Phase in Office Environment in Shanghai, China: Occurrence and Human Exposure

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in PM2.5, PM10, TSP and Gas Phase in Office Environment in Shanghai, China: Occurrence and Human Exposure

Characterizing and predicting coarse and fine particulates in classrooms located close to an urban roadway

Who Could Not Avoid Exposure to High Levels of Residence-Based Pollution by Daily Mobility? Evidence of Air Pollution Exposure from the Perspective of the Neighborhood Effect Averaging Problem (NEAP)

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