Study of Post-COVID-19 Syndrome in Saudi Arabia

Mahmoud, Manal H; Alghamdi, Fahad; Alghamdi, Ghaida A; Alkhotani, Loai A; Alrehaili, Mohammad A; Eldeeb, Dalia

doi:10.7759/cureus.17787

Cited by 18 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Our study found a significant difference between outpatient and inpatient persistent symptoms, which is in agreement with a study conducted in Saudi Arabia that showed significant differences depending on the place of treatment [ 29 ]. Halpin et al concluded that patients admitted to ICU had a higher percentage of symptoms [ 12 ], whereas Garout et al found no relation between the severity of the disease and persistent symptoms [ 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Persistent Symptoms Post-COVID-19: An Observational Study at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Jabali¹,

Alsabban²,

Bahakeem³

et al. 2022

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background As the prevalence of COVID-19 recovery cases increased, patients started to notice new symptoms after being cured of the acute infection. We aimed to study the type of persistent symptoms post-COVID-19 infection, their prevalence, and factors that play a role in developing the post-COVID-19 symptoms among COVID-19 patients at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from the period of September 2021 to December 2021. Participants were contacted via a phone interview. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics, and p-values of ≤0.05 were considered significant. Results A total of 327 participants completed the study, of which 169 (51.7%) were male. Nearly half of the patients, 161 (49.09%), had persistent symptoms. The most common symptoms were loss of smell, loss of taste, cough, and fatigue (22.6%, 19.2%, 11.6%, and 9.1% respectively). They were followed by an equal percentage of shortness of breath, headache, and hair loss (7.3%). Gender was found to be significant in loss of smell, loss of taste, and hair loss, with p-values of 0.016, 0.018, and <0.001, respectively. Conclusion A large proportion of patients with COVID-19 developed persistent symptoms. The most common symptoms were loss of smell and taste, cough, and fatigue. Some factors played a role in acquiring post-COVID-19 symptoms, including gender and place of treatment. Gender was significantly associated with hair loss. Follow-up after recovery is required to maintain individual well-being.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Persistent Symptoms Post-COVID-19: An Observational Study at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Jabali¹,

Alsabban²,

Bahakeem³

et al. 2022

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Unlike the results of our study, headache as a neuropsychiatric symptom is a common persistent symptom after recovery from the acute phase of COVID-19 (44.0%) (23) , but it is more commonly found in patients who have been hospitalized (32,33) . The etiology of this type of residual symptom is complex and multifactorial and may be related to the direct effect of infection, cerebrovascular disease (including hypercoagulation) (34) , physiological impairment (hypoxia), side effects of medication and social aspects of having a potentially fatal disease (35) .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Long COVID and Associated Factors in Individuals From Southern Brazil: A Population-based Study on COVID

Saes

Vieira

Rocha

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

COVID-19 is an infection in which symptoms may persist after the acute phase. The aim of the present study was to verify the prevalence and factors associated with COVID-19 and to describe the main residual symptoms after 6–10 months of infection in individuals from the extreme south of Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study of 2919 individuals older than 18 diagnosed by RT‒PCR with COVID-19 in the city of Rio Grande/RS, Brazil, from December 2020 to March 2021 who were symptomatic, with data collected by telephone interview or home visit. The COVID-19 outcome was obtained from the sum of all symptoms that the individual claimed to continue having at the time of the interview, ranging from zero to 19. For the crude and adjusted analyses, we used Poisson regression with robust adjustment of variance calculating prevalence ratios (PRs) and their respective 95% confidence intervals. The adjusted analysis was performed by means of a hierarchical model built in four levels. The significance level adopted was 5%, and the analyses were performed with the statistical package Stata 16.1. The prevalence of COVID-long was 48.3% (95% CI 46.5; 50.1). The most prevalent residual symptoms were fatigue, memory loss, loss of attention, headache, loss of smell, muscle pain and loss of taste. The groups more likely to develop COVID-19 were female, exhibited anxiety, hypertension, heart problems, diabetes mellitus, musculoskeletal problems, respiratory problems, previous morbidities and hospitalization in a ward or ICU. Physical activity and self-perception of good and very good health were protective factors for the outcome. When adjusted, female gender, anxiety, morbidities and who were hospitalized remained associated with the outcome, while self-perception of good and very good health had a lower probability. This study showed that almost half of the individuals in the sample developed long COVID after 6–9 months of infection. Among the associated factors, female individuals and those with chronic conditions stand out, demanding the creation of public policies to promote integral and continued assistance to these individuals.

show abstract

“…Although there is no consensus across reviews and original research articles on the definition of post-COVID-19 syndrome, guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) define it as a group of signs and symptoms that are present for >12 weeks, developed during or after infection with SARS-CoV-2, and cannot be attributed to alternative diagnoses 101 . Musculoskeletal symptoms in this syndrome include fatigue, arthralgia, myalgia, new-onset back pain, muscle weakness, and poor physical performance 10,14,16,25,33,35,36,39,40,43-45,49,55-57,61,64 . Since COVID-19 is a relatively new disease, the literature lacks follow-up data to determine the natural history of post-COVID-19 syndrome and its management.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Do We Need to Know About Musculoskeletal Manifestations of COVID-19?

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

COVID-19 is a disease that is challenging science, health-care systems, and humanity. An astonishingly wide spectrum of manifestations of multiorgan damage, including musculoskeletal, can be associated with SARS-CoV-2. » In the acute phase of COVID-19, fatigue, myalgia, and arthralgia are the most common musculoskeletal symptoms.» Post-COVID-19 syndrome is a group of signs and symptoms that are present for .12 weeks. The associated musculoskeletal manifestations are fatigue, arthralgia, myalgia, new-onset back pain, muscle weakness, and poor physical performance.» Data on COVID-19 complications are growing due to large absolute numbers of cases and survivors in these 2 years of the pandemic. Additional musculoskeletal manifestations encountered are falls by the elderly, increased mortality after hip fracture, reduced bone mineral density and osteoporosis, acute sarcopenia, rhabdomyolysis, Guillain-Barr é syndrome, muscle denervation atrophy, fibromyalgia, rheumatological disease triggering, septic arthritis, adhesive capsulitis, myositis, critical illness myopathy, onset of latent muscular dystrophy, osteonecrosis, soft-tissue abscess, urticarial vasculitis with musculoskeletal manifestations, and necrotizing autoimmune myositis.

show abstract

Study of Post-COVID-19 Syndrome in Saudi Arabia

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

Persistent Symptoms Post-COVID-19: An Observational Study at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Persistent Symptoms Post-COVID-19: An Observational Study at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Long COVID and Associated Factors in Individuals From Southern Brazil: A Population-based Study on COVID

What Do We Need to Know About Musculoskeletal Manifestations of COVID-19?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About