Study of Refractive Errors on School going Children in North West Zone of Bangladesh

Kader, Anwarul; Tarafder, SR; Anwar, Afm Azim; Sajj, Abir Bin; Badiuzzaman,; Karmokar, Provash Kumar; Das, Chandi

doi:10.3329/taj.v29i1.39084

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The prevalence of hyperopia in the present study was significantly higher (P<0.001) than the prevalence in Yangxi County of China (1.2%), Shunyi District of China (2.0%), South Africa (1.8%), Pakistan (2.3%), Mexico (2.4%), and Somalia (2.7%) [29][30][31]36,63] . It was not significantly different (P= 0.424) from the prevalence in Paraguay (3.9%), the Yongchuan District of China (3.3%), and Bangladesh (2.6%) [33,52,57] , and it was significantly lower (P<0.001) than the prevalence in India (4.0%), Nigeria (17.5%), Iran (16.6%), Ghana (17.5%), and Chile (21.6%) [32,37,48,50,64] . Rodriguez and Romero [25] found a prevalence of 6.8% of hyperopia equal to or greater than 3.25 D among adults in Puerto Rico.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Approximately 1 out of 5 children (20.7%) were myopic. This prevalence was significantly higher (P<0.001) than those in studies that used similar refractive criteria and age ranges from the Shunyi District of China (14.6%), Yongchuan District of China (13.8%), Sweden (10.0%), Somalia (9.1%), Nepal (9.0%), Ghana (6.9%), Chile (6.9%), India (5.3%), Bangladesh (5.8%), Ethiopia (4.1%), South Africa (2.9%), and Pakistan (2.3%) but significantly lower (P<0.001) than Indonesia (32.7%), Paraguay (37.7%), Saudi Arabia (40.8%), Nigeria (46.4%), Eastern China (63.1%), and Malaysia (64.3%) [29,[31][32][33][34]36,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58] . Globally, the highest prevalence of myopia at 15 years of age occurs among East Asians (69%), and the lowest prevalence occurs among Africans (4.7% to 5.5%; 5.5%) [59][60] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of refractive errors in children of Puerto Rico

Santiago¹,

Ortiz²,

Rivera³

et al. 2023

Int J Ophthalmol

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AIM: To determine the prevalence of refractive error in 5- to 17-year-old schoolchildren in Puerto Rico. METHODS: A quantitative descriptive study of 2867 children aged 5 to 17y from all seven educational regions of Puerto Rico was conducted from 2016–2019. Refractive error was determined via static and subjective refraction. Children with distance acuity ≤20/40 or near visual acuity ≤20/32 had a cycloplegic refraction. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient, Kruskal?Wallis, Chi-square, and t test calculations. RESULTS: Twenty percent of the children had a spherical equivalent refractive error ≤ -0.50 D, 3.2% had a spherical equivalent ≥ +2.00 D, and 10.4% had astigmatism ≥1 D. There was a statistically (but non-clinically) significant myopic change in spherical equivalent refractive error with age (P<0.001). The prevalence of myopia increased with age (P<0.001) but not hyperopia (P=0.59) or astigmatism (P=0.51). Males had a significantly higher hyperopic spherical equivalent than females (P<0.001). Females had a higher prevalence of myopia (P<0.001) than males, but there was no difference in the hyperopia (P=0.74) or astigmatism prevalence (P=0.87). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of a spherical equivalent equal to or less than -0.50 D (myopia, 20.7%) is one of the highest among similar-aged children worldwide. Further studies should explore the rate of myopia progression in children in Puerto Rico. Individual children must be monitored to examine the need for treatment of myopia progression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of refractive errors in children of Puerto Rico

Santiago¹,

Ortiz²,

Rivera³

et al. 2023

Int J Ophthalmol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Epidemiology and Pathogenesis of Myopia

Thakur

Dhakal

Gupta

et al. 2022

Pediatric Ophthalmology

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Epidemiology of eye diseases in Bangladesh

Chowdhury,

Hasan,

Hamid

et al. 2024

IJOOO

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Bangladesh is densely populated country in South Asia, faces significant challenges in eye health due to various socioeconomic, environmental, and healthcare access factors. Limited access to quality eye care services, poor hygiene practices, prevalence of infectious diseases, and a high burden of non-communicable diseases contribute to the prevalence of eye disorders in the region. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the prevalence, distribution, and risk factors associated with various eye diseases among the population of Bangladesh. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to gather data on the epidemiology of eye diseases in Bangladesh. Published studies, national surveys, and reports from relevant health organizations were reviewed to compile data on the prevalence, distribution, and risk factors of common eye conditions, including cataracts, refractive errors, conjunctivitis, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration. The prevalence of eye diseases in Bangladesh is relatively high, with conditions such as refractive errors, cataracts, glaucoma, and corneal diseases being major concerns. Refractive errors, including myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism, affect a substantial portion of the population, particularly among children and young adults. Cataracts, a leading cause of blindness worldwide, also pose a significant burden in Bangladesh, with prevalence increasing with age. While the prevalence of glaucoma in Bangladesh is lower compared to some other countries, the condition remains a cause of concern due to its impact on quality of life and the healthcare system. Diabetic retinopathy, a complication of diabetes mellitus, affects the retina and is a leading cause of vision loss and blindness globally in the elderly. In Bangladesh, the rising prevalence of diabetes, fueled by changing lifestyles and an aging population, has contributed to an increasing burden of diabetic retinopathy. Conjunctivitis is prevalent, particularly in densely populated urban areas and rural communities with limited access to clean water and sanitation facilities.Collaborative efforts involving government agencies, healthcare providers, non-governmental organizations, and the community are essential to effectively address the burden of eye diseases in Bangladesh. By implementing preventive measures and improving access to quality eye care services, it is possible to mitigate the impact of these eye diseases and improve visual health outcomes for the population.

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Study of Refractive Errors on School going Children in North West Zone of Bangladesh

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Prevalence of refractive errors in children of Puerto Rico

Prevalence of refractive errors in children of Puerto Rico

Epidemiology and Pathogenesis of Myopia

Epidemiology of eye diseases in Bangladesh

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