“…The techniques are relatively simple with two steps: generally, inactivation of spermatozoa by UV irradiation or chemical treatments and fertilized egg shock treatments (thermal or pressure) for diploidization of maternal chromosome set (Ghigliotti, Bolla, Duc, Ottesen & Babiak, ; Lebeda, Dzyuba, Rodina & Flajshans, ; Nowosad, Kucharczyk, Liszewski, Targońska & Kujawa, ; You, Yu, Tan & Tong, ). Artificial gynogenesis has been widely used in the study of fish genetics and breeding like for the production of monosex fish (Luo et al., ; Purdom, ), establishment of inbred lines (Li, Liang, Luo, Pan & Zou, ) and identification of the sex determination system (Campos‐Ramos, Harvey, Mcandrew & Penman, ; Chen et al., ; Fopp‐Bayat, ; Hassanzadeh Saber & Hallajian, ; Li et al., ; Luo et al., ; Purdom, ).…”