Study of Simultaneous Right and Left Atrial Pressure Pulses Under Normal and Experimentally Altered Conditions

Opdyke, David F.; Duomarco, J; Dillon, William H.; Schreiber, Helmut; Little, Robert C.; Seely, Robert D.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1948.154.2.258

Cited by 76 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Apparently, however, under the conditions of our studies, the relationship between the blood volume and the pulmonary arterial pressure is nearly linear. Infusion of one liter of saline solution in our human subjects, however, gave no evidence of the disproportionately large rise in pulmonary pressures such as reported in the open-chested dog by Opdyke and associates (16).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

The Effect of Intravenous Infusions of Physiologic Saline Solution on the Pulmonary Arterial and Pulmonary Capillary Pressure in Man 1

Doyle¹,

Wilson²,

Estes³

et al. 1951

J. Clin. Invest.

100

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In view of the possible role of an increased blood volume in the development of certain features of congestive heart failure, we have undertaken an investigation of experimentally induced changes in plasma volume. The present report deals with the effect of rapid intravenous infusions of physiologic saline solution on the pulmonary arterial and capillary pressure of normal human subjects. METHODSTwelve adult men ranging in age from 17 to 64 years and convalescent from noncardiac ailments were studied. The subjects were in the post-absorptive state and in the recumbent position. The pulmonary artery was catheterized by the usual technique (1). An indwelling needle was inserted into a peripheral artery. Expired air was collected for three minutes in a Douglas bag. The oxygen content of the blood samples was determined by the method of Van Slyke and Neill (2) and of the air samples by the method of Haldane (3). The cardiac output was calculated utilizing the Fick principle.The so-called pulmonary blood volume was determined by the dye dilution method of Stewart and Hamilton (4, 5) as modified by Ebert (6). An accurately measured amount of T-1824 was injected into the cardiac catheter and the arterial blood sampled for two-second periods for 22 seconds after the inj ection. A ten-minute arterial blood specimen was obtained for estimation of the initial general blood volume. Subsequent blood volumes were calculated from the hematocrit reading, assuming the red blood cell mass to remain constant. The mean pulmonary circulation time and the cardiac output were calculated from the dye time-concentration curve and in turn the pulmonary blood volume was derived.The instantaneous and mean pulmonary arterial pressure curves were measured from a zero level 5 cm. below the sternal angle by a Sanborn electromanometer and registered with a simultaneous electrocardiographic lead

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

The Effect of Intravenous Infusions of Physiologic Saline Solution on the Pulmonary Arterial and Pulmonary Capillary Pressure in Man 1

Doyle¹,

Wilson²,

Estes³

et al. 1951

J. Clin. Invest.

100

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“…In the present investigation measurements were made at three points ('BA', 'A' and 'V') on the atrial pressure curves which could be located precisely and at which instrumental artifacts were not likely to occur. Pressures have been measured previously at the same points on both atrial curves by Opdyke et al (1948) in the dog with the chest open, and at somewhat similar points on the right atrial pressure curve in man by Lauson, Bloomfield & Cournand (1946).…”

supporting

confidence: 52%

The variations with respiration in effective right and left atrial pressures in the dog

Coleridge¹

1959

The Journal of Physiology

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Opdyke & Brecher (1950) have described the effect of respiration on effective right and left atrial pressures in anaesthetized dogs. Like all previous workers, they had first to open the chest in order to cannulate the left atrium; but Opdyke & Brecher then closed the chest and reduced the pneumothorax to restore natural respiration. However, with the development of a technique for cannulating the left atrium through the trachea (ARlison & Linden, 1953) and its application to the recording of effective atrial pressures in the dog (Coleridge & Linden, 1953), it became possible to make a direct study of the respiratory changes in effective pressure in the two atria without the necessity of opening the chest. This paper reports the respiratory changes in atrial pressures recorded by this method. The results differ in several respects from the findings of Opdyke & Brecher (1950). The results will also be discussed in relation to the respiratory variations in the discharge of receptors situated in the atria or great veins near the heart. METHODSExperiments were performed on ten dogs; two were anaesthetized with ether and chloralose (0-1 g/kg intravenously) and the remainder, following premedication with morphine sulphate (3 mg/kg subcutaneously), were given intravenously 0-25 ml./kg of a 1:1 mixture of Dial Compound (allobarbitone-urethane, Ciba) and sodium pentobarbitone (Nembutal, Abbott Laboratories Ltd.) solutions, followed 1 hr later by morphine sulphate (1.5 mg/kg subcutaneously).Pressure recording. The animals were placed supine with their chests intact. Pressures were recorded simultaneously from the right and left atria, and the aorta; intrathoracic pressure was recorded from the right medial pleural space. The right atrium was cannulated through the right external jugular vein, the left atrium and the right medial pleural space were approached through the trachea, and the aorta was cannulated through the left carotid artery, which was ligated. The technique of cannulation and the optical manometers used for recording pressures have been described previously (Coleridge & Linden, 1954).Complete manometer systems had undamped natural frequencies of 180 c/s for the right atrial system, 120 c/s for the left atrial system and 200-400 c/s for the arterial pressure recording system;

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“…The rapid decrease in radial artery saturation shortly after the release of increased airway pressure in the patients with atrial septal defects and in the patient with ventricular septal defect and pulmonary hypertension in contrast to the gradual decrease in the patients without defects and in the patient with ventricular septal defect and no right ventricular hypertension. 3. The clearly evident biphasic response in saturation of pulmonary artery blood in the patients with shunts, characterized by a rapid increase shortly after the onset of increased airway pressure followed by a decrease to below control values after the maneuver, in contrast to the decrease below control values throughout the period of increased airway pressure in the patients without shunts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of Valsalva Maneuver on Oxygen Saturation in Patients with Intracardiac Shunts

1959

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Oxygen saturation of arterial and central venous blood was measured continuously during the Valsalva mnaneuver in patients with and without intracardiac defects. The majority of patients with atrial septal defects and patients with ventricular septal defects and high right ventricular pressure showed a sharp decrease in saturation of radial artery blood shortly after the inaneuver. These changes were not recorded accurately by ear oximnetry. The patients with shunts uniformly showed a rapid increase in saturation of pulmonary artery blood during the initial period of increased airway pressure. This effect was not observed in patients without shunts.

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Study of Simultaneous Right and Left Atrial Pressure Pulses Under Normal and Experimentally Altered Conditions

Cited by 76 publications

References 0 publications

The Effect of Intravenous Infusions of Physiologic Saline Solution on the Pulmonary Arterial and Pulmonary Capillary Pressure in Man 1

The Effect of Intravenous Infusions of Physiologic Saline Solution on the Pulmonary Arterial and Pulmonary Capillary Pressure in Man 1

The variations with respiration in effective right and left atrial pressures in the dog

Effect of Valsalva Maneuver on Oxygen Saturation in Patients with Intracardiac Shunts

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