Study of socio-demographic and treatment profile and other epidemiological correlates of clients attending revised national tuberculosis control programme clinic in a tertiary hospital of West Bengal, India

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria spread by droplet infection.According to global TB report 2017, there were approximately 28 lakhs cases of TB in India accounting a quarter of the world TB cases. Today, it is the fastest-expanding and the largest program in the world in terms of patients initiated on treatment and the second largest in terms of population coverage. The objective of this study is to assess the socio-demographic profile of the patients attending revised national TB control programme (RNTCP) clinic, to determine the nature of disease, its co-morbidities, seasonal variability and treatment profile of the patients attending the RNTCP clinic during this study period.Methods: This was a retrospective record-based study conducted in RNTCP clinic of KPC Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata. Details of all the 684 patients who were enrolled under RNTCP from the year 2014 to 2018 were collected from RNTCP records. Data was analyzed using suitable software.Results: 684 cases were registered and treated under directly observed treatment, short-course (DOTS) during the study period with 41% completing treatment. 84.3% were new TB cases. 23.61% were sputum smear positive. Males (67.25%) contributed to more in cases. Maximum patients visited during March to June. 74.87% of the total patients were diagnosed with pulmonary TB. Pleural effusion was the commonest form of extrapulmonary TB (42.75%).Conclusions: The number of TB cases showed a decreasing trend over the years. Males contributed to a greater number of cases with majority being contributed by the age group 21-30 years.

Assessment of demographic characteristics of patients with tuberculosis and treatment profile of revised national tuberculosis control programme in Purba Bardhaman district of West Bengal

“…which is quite higher than 16.7% reported by Karanjekar et al and lower than 41% reported by Kundu et al7,14 Total success rate of RNTCP in studied area for the studied period was 88.49% in this study which is almost equal to data (88.0%) shown byAgarwal et al …”

Status of drug resistant tuberculosis among patients attending a tuberculosis unit of West Bengal

“…A study by Kundu et al . [ 10 ] in an adjoining district of West Bengal also observed that 14% of TB patients had a history of TB contacts.…”

“…Quitting smoking and avoiding exposure to passive tobacco smoke are essential factors in TB control. [ 9 10 ] Obore et al . [ 11 ] observed a two-fold rise in the risk from exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke (RR = 2.15, 95%CI 1.419–3.242), and tobacco smoking doubled the risk of contracting TB (RR = 2.67, 95%CI 2.017–3.527).…”

“…Another study of 2020 from West Bengal reveals that 43% of TB patients had Diabetes. [ 10 ] A study undertaken in four high TB burden countries has observed that 12.5% of TB patients were Diabetic. [ 13 ] People with a weak immune system because of chronic diseases such as Diabetes are at a higher risk of developing latent to active TB.…”

“…[ 1 ] A study conducted in a neighboring district observed that 2% of TB patients were coinfected with HIV. [ 10 ] A study conducted in Odisha, a neighboring state of West Bengal, had found HIV coinfection to be 6.22%. [ 26 ] TB is the most common opportunist infection among persons living with HIV.…”