Study of the degradation of epoxy resins used in spacecraft components by thermogravimetry and fast pyrolysis

Torres-Herrador, Francisco; Eschenbacher, Andreas; Blondeau, Julien; Magin, Thierry

doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2021.105397

Cited by 22 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…As a result, large quantities of permanent gas, such as CO and CH 4 , would be released during pyrolysis. 18 The elemental and proximate analysis of epoxy plastics (EP) measured in the laboratory was shown in Table 1. The migration of N and S elements was a significant method for studying the mechanism of gasification, and many researchers have investigated the migration of N and S elements.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heat, Electricity, and Fuel Gas Ploy-Generation System on an Island based on Plastic Waste Gasification in Supercritical Water

Wang

Huo

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Plastic pollution in the ocean has become a serious threat to the health of marine life and even terrestrial life. It is also a challenge to transport it landside for recycling. A system to recycle the plastics in situ on an island was proposed with the aim to convert the plastics to fuel gases, such as H2, CH4, and CO. As one of the most abundant thermoset plastics in the ocean, epoxy plastics were recycled in this system. They were gasified in supercritical water driven by concentrated solar energy. A heat exchanger and turbine were used for electricity. The fuel gas could be stored in the gas tank at 4 MPa. The energy and exergy efficiency in this system were analyzed, and the effects of temperature, pressure, and feedstock concentration were discussed. The typical conditions were as follows: temperature 600 °C; pressure 25 MPa, and feedstock concentration 5 wt %. The mole fractions of these products were 48.13%, 22.97%, 0.84%, and 28.06%, respectively. Additionally, the energy and exergy efficiency were 51.75% and 45.22%, respectively.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was shown that there were eight degrees of unsaturation (double benzene ring) in the monomer. As a result, large quantities of permanent gas, such as CO and CH 4 , would be released during pyrolysis …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat, Electricity, and Fuel Gas Ploy-Generation System on an Island based on Plastic Waste Gasification in Supercritical Water

Wang

Huo

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…21,31,52,53 Neat epoxy resin has the first weight loss (10.4%) from 270 to 320 C (Figure 8c), which is mainly attributed to decomposition of epoxy functional groups and the thermal desorption of organic molecules such as aliphatic ether. The compounds released over 320 C are mostly bisphenol, [58][59][60][61][62] which represents 47.9% of mass loss (Figure 8b). TGA indicates that capsules exhibit excellent thermal stability, exceeding 180 C. 51 Table 3 shows the TGA of species releases or degraded in function of temperature and mass loss (%).…”

Section: Core Content and Thermal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of innovative epoxy resin and polyamine hardener microcapsules and their age monitoring by confocal Raman imaging

Aramayo,

Aoki

2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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We present an innovative breakthrough encompassing synthesis, characterization, and age monitoring of epoxy resin and polyamine hardener microcapsules to form a dual‐component system for self‐healing anticorrosion coatings. The epoxy resin microcapsules (ER‐MC) are fabricated through oil–water emulsion and in situ polymerization, with poly (urea‐formaldehyde‐melamine) as shell material and a mixture of epoxy resin and n‐butyl glycidyl ether as core material. Modified aliphatic fast reactive polyamine hardener is microencapsulated with polymethylmethacrylate as shell using double emulsion and solvent evaporation method (PAH‐MC). Characterization includes optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and particle size analyzer utilizing laser diffraction. The resulting microcapsules exhibited spherical shape with smooth surface devoid of porosity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy‐attenuated total reflection is utilized to confirm encapsulation by identifying the chemical structures of both microcapsule constituents. The thermogravimetric analysis further confirms the core content of microcapsules obtained from solvent extraction. ER‐MC contains approximately 66 wt %, while PAH‐MC stands 40 wt %, both showcasing remarkable thermal stability below 200°C. A ten‐month storage period fails to diminish the presence of the healing agents encapsulated within the polymeric walls, which is revealed by Raman spectroscopy utilizing 2D compositional mapping. This research demonstrates the viability of creating dual microcapsules and exemplify their potential for developing self‐healing coatings with dual‐component film‐forming healing agents.

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“…16,17 The volume shrinkage and thermal degradation of aged resin epoxy can lead to a decrease in compression properties. 18,19 Interfacial debonding between the fibers and resin matrix due to local thermal tends to occur between two intersecting yarns in aged composites. 20 The combined effects of resin degradation and interface cracks affect the mechanical behaviors of aged 3DAWCs, including quasi-static 21 and low-velocity impact properties.…”

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confidence: 99%

Compressive behaviors of thermo-oxidative aged three-dimensional angle-interlock woven composites under different strain rates

Long

Sun

et al. 2022

Textile Research Journal

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The mechanical behaviors of three-dimensional angle-interlock woven composites (3DAWCs) after thermo-oxidative aging under different strain rates are imperative to retain safety in high-temperature conditions. This work presents the thermo-oxidative aging effects on strain rate sensitivity and compression failure mechanism of 3DAWCs based on the digital image correlation technique and finite element analysis. The results revealed that the compressive modulus and maximum stress of the 3DAWCs are strain rate sensitive, while the thermo-oxidative aging would reduce the strain rate sensitivity. The strain rate coefficient of the resin and composite decreased by approximately 9% and 25% after thermo-oxidative aging, respectively. The compressive damage failure modes of the 3DAWCs mainly include resin cracks, interfacial debonding, and yarn fracture. The strain rate has effects on damage initiation and brittle-ductile fracture behavior. The aging effect changes the crack propagation path, but does not affect the inclined 45° shear mode. In addition, the strain rate effects on strain localization were found and will be enhanced after thermo-oxidative aging.

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Study of the degradation of epoxy resins used in spacecraft components by thermogravimetry and fast pyrolysis

Cited by 22 publications

References 25 publications

Heat, Electricity, and Fuel Gas Ploy-Generation System on an Island based on Plastic Waste Gasification in Supercritical Water

Heat, Electricity, and Fuel Gas Ploy-Generation System on an Island based on Plastic Waste Gasification in Supercritical Water

Synthesis of innovative epoxy resin and polyamine hardener microcapsules and their age monitoring by confocal Raman imaging

Compressive behaviors of thermo-oxidative aged three-dimensional angle-interlock woven composites under different strain rates

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