Study of the mechanism of environmentally friendly translucent balsa-modified lysozyme dressing for facilitating wound healing

Abstract

ObjectiveThis study aimed to prepare an eco-friendly dressing using a balsa-derived membrane with lysozymes designed for antibacterial purposes.MethodsThe groups included controls, balsa (group A), translucent balsa (group B), translucent balsa–lysozymes (group C), and translucent balsa-modified lysozymes (group D). Physical and chemical methods were used to characterize the materials, and the function of the materials was evaluated by in vivo and in vitro experiments.ResultsAntibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was ordered D > C > B ≈ A (P<0.05). Healing rates in the control, A, B, C, and D groups were 30.6%, 48.3%, 56.7%, 70.9%, and 79.2%, respectively at 7 days after injury. The lengths of new epithelia of the wound surface were ordered D > C > B ≈ A > control (P<0.05). Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction showed that expression of Wnt3a, β-catenin, and PCNA mRNA were ordered D > C > B ≈ A > control (P<0.05). The order of expression of PCNA was D > C > B ≈ A > control (P<0.05). There were no differences in GSK3β expression (P>0.05). The order of expression of axin was D < C < B ≈ A < control (P<0.05). The cell-migration rate at 24 hours was ordered D > C > B ≈ A > control (P<0.05).ConclusionThis translucent balsa-modified lysozyme dressing is characterized by strong antibacterial properties, stable and persistent release, no cytotoxicity, and capacity to promote antibacterial ability and epithelial growth, as well as cell proliferation and migration.

<p>Graphene Oxide/Copper Nanoderivatives-Modified Chitosan/Hyaluronic Acid Dressings for Facilitating Wound Healing in Infected Full-Thickness Skin Defects</p>

“…In our study, a modified infected full-thickness skin defect model was established to investigate the anti-infection and wound healing effects of GO/Cu-decorated chitosan/hyaluronic acid dressings in vivo. 10 , 44 All surgical procedures for the animal experiments were examined and approved by the Animal Experimentation Medical Ethics Committee of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, and performed according to “3R” principles (Reduction, Replacement and Refinement) as indicated in the “Guidelines on Treating Experimental Animals Well” issued by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China. Twenty male BALB/c mice weighing approximately 25–30 g (7–8 w age) were purchased from Shanghai SLAC Laboratory Animal Co., Ltd. (SLAC, Shanghai, China).…”

“…To improve the treatment outcomes of infected wounds, functional wound dressings with antimicrobial properties were prepared and investigated as previously reported. 10 – 13 As a derivative of graphene, graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets have drawn significant attention because of their broad-spectrum antibacterial properties and tolerable cytotoxicity in mammalian cells. 14 , 15 The dominant perceptions regarding the antimicrobial mechanism of GO nanosheets could be summarized as follows: physical damage to bacterial membranes is mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-relevant or irrelevant oxidative stress and destructive extraction of phospholipids from the lipid bilayers.…”

Protein-Based Systems for Topical Antibacterial Therapy

“…Additionally, there are some enzymes (e.g., lysozyme, phospholipase A 2 ) that possess antibacterial properties. These proteinaceous molecules have a different mechanism of actions e.g., lysozyme breaks the bond between the N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) which make up the peptidoglycan backbone ( 38 ), and phospholipase A 2 penetrate the bacterial cell wall and hydrolyzes the phospholipids in the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane ( 39 ).…”

“…Proteins such as collagen, gelatin, and elastin possess cell-recognition motifs like RGD (Arginine-Glycine-Aspartate) that can facilitate recognition by cells to promote cell adhesion and cell migration across the wound bed for promotion of wound healing ( 160 ) in addition to their antimicrobial potential. Other proteins such as lactoferrin ( 161 ) and lysozyme ( 38 ) possess innate antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant activity to facilitate antibacterial and wound healing effects. A great diversity of antimicrobial agents (antibiotics, antimicrobial nanoparticles, antimicrobial peptides, antimicrobial polymers), as mentioned above, can be integrated into protein-based systems to elicit antimicrobial responses against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.…”

Self-Adaptive Antibacterial Scaffold with Programmed Delivery of Osteogenic Peptide and Lysozyme for Infected Bone Defect Treatment

“…Inspired by previous studies, this study aimed to address the issues of environmental infection of bone defects and poor bone tissue regeneration . Lysozyme (LZM) exhibits antibacterial activities, especially against Gram-positive bacteria, through the degradation of β-1,4 glycosidic bonds between N -acetylglucosamine and N -acetylmuramic acid in bacterial cell walls and is biocompatible with organisms. , LZM and CCMV-YGFGG were loaded onto chitosan sponges to construct scaffolds with high antibacterial efficiency and osteogenic induction ability to treat infectious bone defects (Scheme ). The cellular biocompatibility and antibacterial bioactivity of the bioactive materials and the release behavior of the two bioactive materials in the system were evaluated in vitro.…”