Study of the Radiation Situation in Moscow by Investigating Elastoplastic Bodies in a Neutron Flux Taking Into Account Thermal Effects

Abstract

This article discusses the study of the background radiation level in Moscow and its impact on the environment. To identify the radiological impact on living conditions, a study of the effects of fast neutrons on infrastructure and biological objects was made. Large-scale research organizations carrying out technological development, scientific and materials research using nuclear materials in the city of Moscow and the region are considered. A system of environment radiation monitoring, covering an area of more than 1091 km², was examined in detail. A radioecological survey conducted in the Troitsky and Novomoskovsky administrative districts was analyzed to identify and describe the radiation situation. An analysis of background radiation in Moscow shows that the values of the controlled parameters of radioactive pollution of environmental objects are within the long-term fluctuations of the technogenic background of the capital. In this case, various thermal effects arise caused by radiation exposure to solids. The study of infrastructure and biological objects is carried out based on the determination of effects, because of which the elastic and mainly plastic characteristics of substances exposed to neutron irradiation and thermal effects change. Here, the main essential factors are radiation hardening of the material (increase in yield stress) and radiation swelling (increase in volumetric strain).