Study of the response of Zircaloy- 4 cladding to thermal shock during water quenching after double sided steam oxidation at elevated temperatures

Sawarn, Tapan K.; Banerjee, Suparna; Kumar, Sunil

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.02.033

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…1−3 At elevated temperatures (>1200 °C), reactor fuel cladding material Zircaloy (alloy of >97% Zirconium) generates hydrogen gas upon oxidation reaction with steam. 4,5 The extensive quantities of H 2 and steam generated in the BWR system create high pressure and temperatures as the oxidation is highly exothermic. This may lead to the reactor failure and blasts.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In nuclear power plant history, the major failures registered were Three Mile Island (1979), Chernobyl (1986) and Fukushima (2011). The prime reason for these disasters is because of the core–meltdown in boiling water reactor (BWR). − At elevated temperatures (>1200 °C), reactor fuel cladding material Zircaloy (alloy of >97% Zirconium) generates hydrogen gas upon oxidation reaction with steam. , The extensive quantities of H 2 and steam generated in the BWR system create high pressure and temperatures as the oxidation is highly exothermic. This may lead to the reactor failure and blasts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Hydrogen and Oxygen Activation over Pt and Pd-Doped Composites for Catalytic Hydrogen Combustion

Singh

Vishwanath

Madras

2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Removal of excess amount of hydrogen in a catalytic route is a safety measure to be implemented in fuel cell technologies and in nuclear power plants. Hydrogen and oxygen activation are crucial steps for hydrogen combustion that can be achieved by modifying supports with suitable noble metals. In the present study, Pt- and Pd-substituted CoO-ZrO (CZ) were synthesized using PEG-assisted sonochemical synthesis. Ionic states of Pt and Pd in CZ supports were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Pd and Pt improved H and O activation extensively, which reduced the temperature of 50% conversion (T) to 33 °C compared with the support (CZ). The activation energy of PdCZ catalyst was decreased by more than 2 folds (13.4 ± 1.2 kJ mol) compared with CZ (34.3 ± 2.3 kJ mol). The effect of oxygen vacancies in the reaction mechanism is found to be insignificant with Pt- and Pd-substituted CZ supports. However, oxygen vacancies play an important role when CZ alone was used as catalyst. The importance of hydrogen and oxygen activation as well as the oxygen vacancies in mechanism was studied by H-TPD, H-TPR, and in situ FTIR spectroscopy.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Hydrogen and Oxygen Activation over Pt and Pd-Doped Composites for Catalytic Hydrogen Combustion

Singh

Vishwanath

Madras

2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Although it is used in nuclear plants since the 1970 s, research in the recent years has been quite active on this material. Much work is devoted to irradiation effects [4], possible effects of a hypothetical loss of coolant accident [5], mechanical properties [6] related to the crystallographic anisotropy of the final product [7] or to multiaxial forging [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the size of the prior β grains on the microstructure of β quenched Zircaloy-4

Ammar

Darrieulat

Aoufi

2018

Metall. Res. Technol.

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This work deals with the influence on Zircaloy-4 of annealing in the β domain and subsequent quenching in view of extrusion. The effect of the size of the prior β grains on the microstructure is investigated. The results indicate that for prior β grain sizes up to 1.6 mm, the β quenched Widmanstätten microstructure is distributed between “parallel platelets” and “basket-weave”. However, sizes larger than 2 mm promote the formation of “basket-weave”. Double annealing in the β domain leads to the formation of large prior β grains with no need to anneal for a long time. Indeed, protracted annealing may lead to exaggerated growth. Efficient double annealing requires some conditions: rate of cooling after the first β annealing a few °C.s−1 (air cooling), heating rates of 1 or 2 °C.s−1 during the second rise in temperature. The second cooling should be somewhat quicker (possibly 12 °C.s−1 and above) to obtain the thin, intricate lamellae favored for extrusion.

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Gas-Dynamic Factors in Combustion Processes

Рубцов

Seplyarskii

Алымов

2020

Fluid Mechanics and Its Applications

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Study of the response of Zircaloy- 4 cladding to thermal shock during water quenching after double sided steam oxidation at elevated temperatures

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Role of Hydrogen and Oxygen Activation over Pt and Pd-Doped Composites for Catalytic Hydrogen Combustion

Role of Hydrogen and Oxygen Activation over Pt and Pd-Doped Composites for Catalytic Hydrogen Combustion

Influence of the size of the prior β grains on the microstructure of β quenched Zircaloy-4

Gas-Dynamic Factors in Combustion Processes

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