Study of Urea-Water Solution Injection Spray in De-NOx SCR System

Nayak, Nagaraj S.; S, Sadashiva Prabhu; Niranjan, M N

doi:10.15373/2249555x/nov2011/13

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…It is widely acknowledged that branded products are generally believed to possess superior quality, and thus, individuals tend to use such criteria more frequently when making decisions about skin care products. However, empirical findings reveal that a vast majority of people do not read product labels or conduct patch tests before use, ultimately leading to negative outcomes 24 25 . The number of participants seeking advice from a dermatologist was considerably low which underscores their casual attitude towards cosmetics as harmless 6 18 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Observational Study on Cosmetics Use-related Adverse Effects: Cosmetovigilance Need of the Day

Mehta,

Tyagi,

Sachdeva

et al. 2024

Drug Res (Stuttg)

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Introduction The pursuit of aesthetic attractiveness and increased awareness have contributed significantly to the growth of the cosmetic industry. However, it is crucial to recognize that even the minimal use of cosmetics may have harmful consequences for both the overall well-being and the broader community, an issue that has yet to be adequately recognized or addressed. Objective This study is aimed at providing insights into the usage pattern of consumer behavior regarding skin care products and to assess the prevalence and determinants of cosmetic-related adverse events among the general populace. Materials and Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out for four months in a satellite city of the National Capital Region (NCR) of India. The data from 435 respondents was collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using frequencies and percentages. Results Among 435 participants, 32.9% experienced one or more adverse effects owing to the use of skincare products; the prevalence was higher in females (36.3%). Hair loss, allergies, and dry skin were the most frequently reported adverse effects. The majority of the adverse reactions were reported with soap (21%), followed by shampoo (17%). The gender-wise difference between adverse effects of skin care products was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion To improve the system’s efficiency, a comprehensive review of the current regulatory protocols for cosmetics is crucial. Additionally, it is essential to widely disseminate information on Cosmetovigilance and promote the reporting of any adverse effects of cosmetics within the community; this is the demand of the present time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Observational Study on Cosmetics Use-related Adverse Effects: Cosmetovigilance Need of the Day

Mehta,

Tyagi,

Sachdeva

et al. 2024

Drug Res (Stuttg)

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“…The position of a urea injector influences the effectiveness of the urea-water SCR system by quick ammonia mixing, evaporation and heat drifting. The optimized distances between the urea injector and the ammonia entrance significantly increases the uniformity of ammonia [13]. Due to improper injection, urea or its by product is deposited on the inner surface of the SCR and it leads to increased back pressure [14].…”

Section: No+no2+2nh3mentioning

confidence: 99%

3-D Numerical Study of Effect of Urea Injector Location and Intake Cone Geometry on SCR Performance

Bhosale¹,

Patil²,

Dhepe³

et al. 2022

ijirss

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In response to current strict laws aiming to reduce motor vehicle emissions, more and more research projects are being carried out in order to enhance the flow of automotive catalysts. There have been substantial efforts to further refine the SCR technology (selective catalytic reduction) for diesel-powered vehicles. Furthermore, only a little distance from the catalytic input between the exhaust system is available for a mobile SCR system. This therefore leads to an insufficient urea residence period, and evaporation and thermolysis at the catalyst entry cannot therefore be completed. This can lead to substantial secondary ammonia and isocyanic acid emissions. Therefore, fast thermolysis, effective ammonia blend with exhaust gas and reduction of ammonia slip are crucial factors for the deployment of SCR technology on cars. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach is used for optimizing the exhaust gas flow inside the existing catalyst by changing intake cone designs which is intended to be used on Euro VI/Bharat Stage-VI emissions legislation compliant heavy-duty diesel engines in India. This study is divided in to two parts. The first part of the study deals with finding the optimized ammonia injector location, and in the second part, the proposed inlet cone design’s flow velocity uniformity index is estimated and compared with that of the existing SCR catalyst model.

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Study of Urea-Water Solution Injection Spray in De-NOx SCR System

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

An Observational Study on Cosmetics Use-related Adverse Effects: Cosmetovigilance Need of the Day

An Observational Study on Cosmetics Use-related Adverse Effects: Cosmetovigilance Need of the Day

3-D Numerical Study of Effect of Urea Injector Location and Intake Cone Geometry on SCR Performance

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