Study on epoxy resin-based thermal adhesive filled with hybrid expanded graphite and graphene nanoplatelet

Kumar, Rajesh; Mohanty, Smita; Nayak, Sanjay K.

doi:10.1007/s42452-019-0200-6

Cited by 23 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…However, the synergistic effect was low at high loading of GNP due to the agglomeration of GNP inside the epoxy matrix. 138 This finding agrees with the results of Levy et al, 139 where the high aspect ratio of the composite reduced the thermal conductivity due to the substantial increase in the composite viscosity and entrapped air bubbles in the composite. This finding indicates the poor surface contact and increased thermal resistance of the TIMs.…”

Section: Graphitesupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Graphite is usually combined with graphene in fabricating composites. Kumar and coworkers studied on thermal adhesive of ER, which was contained hybrid expanded graphite (EG) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) to enhance the thermal conductivity of the adhesive. The study obtained an optimum thermal conductivity of 3.6 W (m K) –1 in 30 wt% EG and 5 wt% GNP.…”

Section: Carbon Allotrope Materials In Tims Applicationsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This collaboration of materials improved the thermal conductivity and surface contact based on nanofiller (GNP) to fill in primary microfiller (EG). However, the synergistic effect was low at high loading of GNP due to the agglomeration of GNP inside the epoxy matrix . This finding agrees with the results of Levy et al, where the high aspect ratio of the composite reduced the thermal conductivity due to the substantial increase in the composite viscosity and entrapped air bubbles in the composite.…”

Section: Carbon Allotrope Materials In Tims Applicationsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Allotrope carbon materials in thermal interface materials and fuel cell applications: A review

2019

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Summary The performance of allotrope carbon materials has been explored because of their superior properties in energy system applications. This review provides an understanding of the current work focusing on the applications of selected carbon materials in important energy systems, focus on thermal interface materials (TIMs), and fuel cell applications. This article begins with the introduction of TIMs and fuel cell in general working principle and presents details on carbon materials. The discussion focuses on updates from the latest research work and addresses current challenges and opportunities for research toward TIMs and fuel cell applications. The optimum performance of TIMs was seen when thermal conductivity achieved at a maximum of 3000 W (m K)−1 by using vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and a minimum internal thermal resistance of 0.3 mm2 K W−1. Meanwhile for fuel cell, the platinum/CNTs catalyst applied proton exchange membrane fuel cell achieved high power density of 661 mW cm−2 in the presence of Nafion electrolyte membrane. This review provides insights for scientists about the use of carbon materials, especially in energy system applications.

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Section: Graphitesupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Carbon Allotrope Materials In Tims Applicationsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Carbon Allotrope Materials In Tims Applicationsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Allotrope carbon materials in thermal interface materials and fuel cell applications: A review

2019

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“…For the epoxy/MWCNTs composites, a sharp rise in temperature of 5% mass loss T 5% was observed from 300 • C for the pure epoxy resin E0 to 319 • C for the epoxy composite filled with 0.1 wt.% of MWCNTs. With a further increase in the content of MWCNTs to 0.5 wt.%, there was a slow increase in T 5% to 326 • C. The values of T 5% were high enough compared to epoxy composites based on expanded graphite and graphene nanoplatelets [45,46], taking into account relatively low concentrations of EG (E/1.0EG) and the increased T 5% (338 • C). Notation: T 5% , T 20% , T 50% , T 80% -temperatures (in • C), corresponding to 5%, 20%, 50%, and 80% mass loss of the sample, respectively.…”

Section: Thermal Oxidation Behaviormentioning

confidence: 97%

Thermal Behavior and Flammability of Epoxy Composites Based on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Expanded Graphite: A Comparative Study

et al. 2020

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Reduction of flammability and improvement of thermal stability of polymers during heating can be achieved by the introduction of fillers. Epoxy composites filled with different loadings of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and expanded graphite (EG) were prepared. The thermal oxidation stability of the prepared samples was investigated under heating in an oxidizing atmosphere using thermal analysis. The hardness was measured using the Shore D hardness test. The flammability of the prepared composites was evaluated by the ignition temperature and time-to-ignition. It was found that there was a rise in temperature corresponding to a 5% weight loss during heating for both epoxy/MWCNT and epoxy/EG composites compared to neat epoxy resin. The Shore D hardness of epoxy/MWCNT composites increased with content growth up to 0.1 wt.% and decreased with further concentration rise. The addition of MWCNTs and EG leads to an increase in the ignition temperature. It has been shown that MWCNTs improve the thermal behavior of epoxy resin in a low temperature region (below ~ 300 °C) whereas EG shows almost the same thermal behavior above 300 °C. The improvement of thermal properties can be achieved using MWCNTs and EG as fillers.

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“…For this, high thermal conducting interface material between the heat source (chips or circuits) and the sink is placed as a packaging material to add strength as well as to remove heat from chips. 1,2 The other basic parameters for thermal interface materials (TIMs) are high thermal and chemical stability, low dimensional shrinkage and water absorption, low coefficient of expansion, and low dielectric properties including high TC. 3,4 Except high TC, epoxy resin demonstrates the above-mentioned properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new way synthesis of expanded graphite as a thermal filler to enhance the thermal conductivity of DGEBA resin as thermal interface material

Nayak

Mohanty

2019

High Performance Polymers

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In this work, a facile two-step method for the synthesis of highly thermal conductive expanded graphite (EG) was proposed. A binary component system of ammonium persulfate and concentrated sulfuric acid was prepared for the synthesis of EG from natural graphite flakes in which the former one acted as an oxidizing agent and the latter one used as an intercalating agent. Further, the silane functionalization of EG (mEG) was purposefully completed, as confirmed from the X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. Epoxy-based thermal interface materials (TIMs) were fabricated with reinforcing EG and mEG by stir-casting method at different filler fraction. The guarded heat flow meter method indicated that the enhancement in thermal conductivity (TC) was 12.12-fold at 10 wt% loading of mEG (mEG10-Ep) than neat epoxy. The binding strength of mEG10-Ep composite tuned to 6.18 ± 0.8 MPa and determined by a single lap shear test, which confirms better reinforcing effect of silane functionalized EG than neat EG counterpart. The same was also corroborated from porosity evaluation of the composite system. At 50% weight loss in nitrogen atmosphere, thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the composite was stable up to 430°C. Dynamic mechanical analysis was engaged to estimate the glass transition temperature ( T g) of the epoxy composite system, which validates its prospective application as preferred TIMs in the electroactive device. The electrical conductivity of composite was deteriorated due to the encapsulation of EG with nonconductive silane functional groups. The uniform dispersion was achieved by mEG-filled composite as compared to its EG counterpart, which was visualized from fracture surface through scanning electron microscopy.

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Study on epoxy resin-based thermal adhesive filled with hybrid expanded graphite and graphene nanoplatelet

Cited by 23 publications

References 49 publications

Allotrope carbon materials in thermal interface materials and fuel cell applications: A review

Allotrope carbon materials in thermal interface materials and fuel cell applications: A review

Thermal Behavior and Flammability of Epoxy Composites Based on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Expanded Graphite: A Comparative Study

A new way synthesis of expanded graphite as a thermal filler to enhance the thermal conductivity of DGEBA resin as thermal interface material

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