Study on evacuation simulation under crowd-diversion condition

Abstract

With the increasing number of domestic buildings, the importance of safety evacuation in case of fire in the buildings has been aware. Occupants in a building will crowd at exit(s) when they evacuate in disasters. The content of this study includes the following: (1) to conduct a literature review on severe stampedes in history, identifying the number of casualties, and to explore existing research on crowd evacuation; (2) to examine the applicability of software packages EXODUS and Unity for simulating occupant evacuation using them for simulations under identical conditions; and (3) to construct simulated evacuation environments using Unity and perform simulations with different combinations of occupant number, space size, exit size, and flow diverter size. The simulation results found that placing a flow diverter in front of the exit could reduce the evacuation time effectively. The best result was observed when the width of the door is close to the width of the flow diverter; it can reduce the evacuation time by about 25%. When more than 60 people were emptying through an exit below 120 cm width, the blocking happened regardless of whether a flow diverter was placed.

Emergency Planning for UAV-Controlled Crowd Evacuations

“…The study proposed suggesting found paths over mobile messaging or broadcasting the paths to the people under evacuation. Another study [4] focused on evacuation in a simplified scenario covering a single indoor room with one exit. In such studies, simulation tools such as Unity [5] and EXODUS [6] are generally used.…”

“…As the rate of both natural and manmade disasters-fires, explosions, earthquakes, etc.-in populated areas is increasing, people are becoming more concerned about emergencies in which areas need to be evacuated promptly [1][2][3][4]. In such situations, people often panic, fearing losing their lives, and look for a quick exit to escape.…”

“…The existing studies on crowd evacuation cover both unguided crowd evacuation [3][4][5][6][7] and guided crowd evacuation [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. In such studies, it has already been found that guided crowd evacuation can be expected to perform better [10,12,14].…”

Utilização De Motor De Jogo Para Treinamento De Evacuação De Edifícios Em Caso De Incêndio

“…No entanto, esses treinamentos dificilmente são capazes de recriar as verdadeiras condições de pânico e as pessoas tendem a não considerar esse tipo de situação. Além disso, para essa ação é necessário envolver boa parte dos funcionários ou usuários do local (o que nem sempre é possível), bem como causar a Além disso, foram verificados em estudos que é possível, através do motor de jogo, fazer a simulação de evacuação de edifícios (CHIU et al, 2018;MÓL et al, 2011;XI e SMIDTH, 2015) e até mesmo juntar elementos de simulação de evacuação com o conceito de jogos sérios (ASANO et al, 2014).…”

“…relação ao software de simulação, conforme exposto em um estudo feito porChiu et al (2018).Alguns pesquisadores propuseram a utilização de jogos de computador para treinar e também verificar o comportamento humano (CHITTARO eRANON, 2009; SMITH e TRENHOLME, 2009;KOBES et al, 2009;CORDEIRO et al, 2011b). Esse tipo de jogo, no qual o objetivo principal é a conscientização sobre certos problemas, ensino, educação, entre outras aplicações possíveis, e não o entretenimento, são conhecidos como jogos sérios(SUSI et al, 2007).…”