Study on fragmentation behavior of liquid lead alloy droplet in water

Sa, Rongyuan; Takahashi, Minoru; Moriyama, Kiyofumi

doi:10.1016/j.pnucene.2011.05.003

Cited by 27 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The break-up of this layer allows vapor and liquid to penetrate into the molten metal and the water boils in a rapid thousand-fold expansion producing a vapor explosion [20][21][22][23]. Such explosions become more violent at higher metal temperatures [24][25][26][27][28][29][30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of microbeads during vapor explosions of Field's metal in water

Kouraytem

Thoroddsen

2016

Phys. Rev. E

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We use high-speed video imaging to investigate vapor explosions during the impact of a molten Field's metal drop onto a pool of water. These explosions occur for temperatures above the Leidenfrost temperature and are observed to occur in up to three stages as the metal temperature is increased, with each explosion being more powerful that the preceding one. The Field's metal drop breaks up into numerous microbeads with an exponential size distribution, in contrast to tin droplets where the vapor explosion deforms the metal to form porous solid structures. We compare the characteristic bead size to the wavelength of the fastest growing mode of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of microbeads during vapor explosions of Field's metal in water

Kouraytem

Thoroddsen

2016

Phys. Rev. E

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“…These explosions can initiate shock waves that may damage equipment and even injure personnel in the vicinity of the event (Reid (1983)). The intensity of the explosion is seen to increase with higher temperatures (Dullforce et al (1976); Matsumura and Nariai (1996); Miyazaki et al (1984); Lin et al (2014); Sa et al (2011);Taleyarkhan (1998);Zielinski et al (2011);Kouraytem et al (2016)) Only a few studies have investigated the influence of the liquid pool temperature on the dynamics of the interaction with droplets at room temperature (Manzello and Yang (2004); ; Wang et al (2009)). studied the impact behavior of distilled water as well as the coolant HFE-7100 that has a low boiling point (62 o C) on an pool of heated peanut oil, with impact Weber number for water and HFE-7100 droplets fixed at 200, and 188, respectively while varying the temperatures of the pool up to 220 o C. No violent explosions took place until the drop sank to the bottom of the container, that is heated on a hot plate, promoting the vapor explosions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vortex-induced vapor explosion during drop impact on a superheated pool

Alchalabi

Kouraytem

et al. 2017

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science

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Ultra high-speed imaging is used to investigate the vapor explosion when a drop impacts onto a high-temperature pool. The two liquids are immiscible, a low boiling-temperature perfluorohexane drop, at room temperature, which impacts a high boiling-temperature soybean-oil pool, which is heated well above the boiling temperature of the drop. We observe different regimes: weak and strong nucleate boiling, film boiling or Leidenfrost regime and entrainment followed by vapor explosion. The vapor explosions were seen to depend on the formation of a rotational flow at the edge of the impact crater, near the pool surface, which resembles a vortex ring. This rotational motion entrains a thin sheet of the drop liquid, to become surrounded by the oil. In that region, the vapor explosion starts at a point after which it propagates azimuthally along the entire periphery at high speed.

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“…To create the augmented surface area, the high surface tension of liquid metals should be overcome in order to break them down into small micro- and nanoparticles. Although liquid metal micro- and nanodroplets can be produced by microfluids-based procedures, , shear blending, , agitation using acoustic waves, and through sudden dipping of hot liquid metal into a water bath, − sonication offers a more facile and accessible way to create small liquid metal droplets with large surface-to-volume ratios. − During sonication, sound energy is converted into physical vibration forces that break apart the liquid metal. − The fragmented liquid metal entities during sonication predominantly adopt spherical morphologies, due to their high surface tension. Spheres are not the most surface-enhanced geometries compared to nonspherical shapes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Liquid Metal-Based Route for Synthesizing and Tuning Gas-Sensing Elements

et al. 2020

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There is a strong demand for developing tunable and facile routes for synthesizing gas-sensitive semiconducting compounds. The concept of synthesizing micro- and nanoparticles of metallic compounds in a tunable process, which relies on liquid metals, is presented here. This is a liquid-based ultrasonication procedure within which additional metallic elements (In, Sn, and Zn) are incorporated into liquid Ga that is sonicated in a secondary solvent. We investigate liquid metal sonication in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water to show their impact on the size, morphology, and crystal structure of the particulated products. The synthesized materials are annealed to investigate their responses to model reducing (H2) and oxidizing (NO2) gas species. The preparation process in DMSO gives rise to predominantly monoclinic Ga2O3 crystals which are favorable for gas sensing, while the emergence of rhombohedral Ga2O3 phases from the water sonication process led to inactive samples. The ease of tunability without hazardous precursors during the synthesis procedure is demonstrated. The route presented here can be uniquely employed for designing and engineering on-demand functional materials for sensing applications.

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Study on fragmentation behavior of liquid lead alloy droplet in water

Cited by 27 publications

References 16 publications

Formation of microbeads during vapor explosions of Field's metal in water

Formation of microbeads during vapor explosions of Field's metal in water

Vortex-induced vapor explosion during drop impact on a superheated pool

Liquid Metal-Based Route for Synthesizing and Tuning Gas-Sensing Elements

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