“…One or more images of the input light field appear at different lateral direction when multi-modes propagate through the region of coupler. Some theoretical aspects have been developed [1]- [6] to describe the optical behavior of light in MMI couplers so far. Many complex optical devices based on MMI couplers have been investigated such as switches [7], [8], sensors [9], [10], routers [11], [12] and optical hybrids [13]- [18].…”