Study on Significant Correlation of Postoperative Hyperlactatemia with Poor Prognosis in Cardiac Surgery Patients

Abstract

Conditions such as lactic acidosis or hyperlactatemia are suggested as potential marker of inadequate oxygen perfusion, mostly in cardiac surgeries or critical care surgery patients. It was also reported that patients with hyperlactatemia exhibited mortality and elevated levels are associated with longer Intensive Care Units (ICUs) stay. Present study described the post-operative hyperlactatemia in cardiac surgery patients and its correlation with poor prognosis. This observational retrospective study was conducted for the period Dec 2010 to Dec 2015 and demographic data of all patients undergone cardiac surgeries and admitted to ICUs were collected and documented through review of files, HIMS and LIS. Standard inclusion and exclusion criteria were followed and patients within age range >30 yrs and <65 years were included. Final count of patients were forty five (n = 45) and their samples were analyzed for pre-operative and post-operative lactate and other biochemical parameters such as uric acid, creatinine, albumin, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, lactate dehydrogenase and sugar as per standard IFCC methods. Results showed that six hours postoperative assessment of biochemical parameters inclusive of lactate (21.4 ± 12.55 mg/dl) manifested alerted levels, depicting post-operative complications and development of co-morbid. Patients with higher lactate >20mg/dl had to stay longer in ICUs (14 days stay) as compared to those with normal range of lactate level (7 day stay). Two mortality was also noted in patients with strong lactic acidosis (>20 mg/dl) as compared to none in group with normal lactate levels. Conclusion can be drawn that post-operative hyperlactatemia and lactic acidosis in cardiac surgery patients is a significant marker to detect poor outcome and 6 hrs post-operative lactate level can predict length of stay in ICUs and prospect of developing adverse outcome and co-morbid.

Hyperlactatemia and its adverse patient outcomes among patients who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass surgery at national cardiac centre Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2021. Retrospective observational study

“…Postoperative hyperlactatemia and lactic acidosis in cardiovascular medical procedure patients are critical markers to identify undesired results in 6 hrs. Postoperative lactate level can anticipate the length of stay in ICUs and the prospect of creating adverse results and morbidity (3).…”