Study on the anti-cerebral ischemia effect of borneol and its mechanism

Kong, Qingxia; Wu, Zhiyong; Cui, Xu; Liang, Ru-qing; Xiao, Min; Li, Lei

doi:10.4314/ajtcam.v11i1.25

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The increase of the expression of ICAM-1 and the opening of the BBB in our experiment are in accordance with Kong’s study in which the reduction of ICAM-1 decreased the opening of the BBB. 22 Taken together, our findings demonstrated that borneol can open the BBB and might be related with the increased expression of ICAM-1. The mechanism of how ICAM-1 opens the BBB needs to be further verified and will be our next study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…A number of free radicals and cytotoxins are released when leukocytes adhere to the vascular endothelium, following endothelial cell damage and BBB opening. 22 Yun’s study showed that bloodletting puncture treatment could reduce water content of brain and the permeability of the BBB caused by ischemic stroke through the model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. It was demonstrated that the expression levels of ICAM-1 and VEGF were downregulated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role and Mechanism of Borneol to Open the Blood-Brain Barrier

Zhang

et al. 2018

Integr Cancer Ther

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Background: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the greatest challenge in the treatment of intracranial malignant tumors. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the role of borneol in opening the BBB and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Twenty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into borneol group intragastrically administered with 10% borneol corn oil (2 mL/kg) and control group. After 30 minutes, 2% Evans blue (4 mL/kg) was injected. Thirty minutes later, brain tissue was analyzed using the Evans blue standard curve. Another 40 SD rats were randomized into high-, medium-, and low-dose borneol groups and a control group. Each rat in the experimental groups was intragastrically administered with 10% borneol corn oil (2 mL/kg, 1.25 mL/kg, and 0.5 mL/kg, respectively). The control group was injected with corn oil of 1.25 mL/kg. After 30 minutes, the rats were killed, and the brain tissues were collected. The expression of occludin, occludens-1, nitric oxide synthase, P-glycoprotein, and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was detected by immunohistochemy. Results: The concentration of Evans blue in the borneol group was higher than in the control group (P < .05). The mean density of ICAM-1 expression was higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P < .05). In contrast, significant differences of positive area and total density of ICAM-1 were shown only between the high-dose group and the control group (P < .05). Conclusion: Borneol can open the BBB, which might be related with the increased expression of ICAM-1.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role and Mechanism of Borneol to Open the Blood-Brain Barrier

Zhang

et al. 2018

Integr Cancer Ther

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“…Recently, Zhang et al, , reported that borneol enhanced blood-brain barrier permeability, improving the delivery of drugs to the brain, which is extremely interesting for association with drugs that act on the central nervous system (CNS). Moreover, Kong et al, (Kong et al, 2014), examined the effects of borneol on intracerebral inflammatory response after focal ischemia reperfusion in rats. The administration of 1-3 mg/kg (i.v) of borneol was reported to decrease the number of TNF-α positive cells, and leukocyte infiltration in the brains of rats.…”

Section: P-cymene (8) Is a Naturally Occurring Aromatic Organic Compomentioning

confidence: 99%

Monoterpenes modulating cytokines - A review

Quintans

Saravanan

Heimfarth

et al. 2019

Food and Chemical Toxicology

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Inflammatory response can be driven by cytokine production and is a pivotal target in the management of inflammatory diseases. Monoterpenes have shown that promising profile as agents which reduce the inflammatory process and also modulate the key chemical mediators of inflammation, such as pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The main interest focused on monoterpenes were to develop the analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs. In this review, we summarized current knowledge on monoterpenes that produce anti-inflammatory effects by modulating the release of cytokines, as well as suggesting that which monoterpenoid molecules may be most effective in the treatment of inflammatory disease. Several different inflammatory markers were evaluated as a target of monoterpenes. The proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines were found TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-5, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 IL-13, IL-17A, IFNγ, TGF-β1 and IFN-γ. Our review found evidence that NF-κB and MAPK signaling are important pathways for the anti-inflammatory action of monoterpenes. We found 24 monoterpenes that modulate the production of cytokines, which appears to be the major pharmacological mechanism these compounds possess in relation to the attenuation of inflammatory response. Despite the compelling evidence supporting the anti-inflammatory effect of monoterpenes, further studies are necessary to fully explore their potential as anti-inflammatory compounds.

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“…F., effectively improves neurological deficits 24 h after forebrain ischemia. The beneficial effects of Borneol involve the reduction of leukocyte infiltration and ICAM-1 expression in the ischemic area [ 37 ].…”

Section: Tcm-mediated Suppression Of Leukocyte Infiltrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti‐Inflammatory Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicines against Ischemic Injury in In Vivo Models of Cerebral Ischemia

Cheng

Lee

2016

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of acute ischemic stroke. In the ischemic cascade, resident microglia are rapidly activated in the brain parenchyma and subsequently trigger inflammatory mediator release, which facilitates leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in inflammation. Activated leukocytes invade the endothelial cell junctions and destroy the blood-brain barrier integrity, leading to brain edema. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) stimulation in microglia/macrophages through the activation of intercellular signaling pathways secretes various proinflammatory cytokines and enzymes and then aggravates cerebral ischemic injury. The secreted cytokines activate the proinflammatory transcription factors, which subsequently regulate cytokine expression, leading to the amplification of the inflammatory response and exacerbation of the secondary brain injury. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), including TCM-derived active compounds, Chinese herbs, and TCM formulations, exert neuroprotective effects against inflammatory responses by downregulating the following: ischemia-induced microglial activation, microglia/macrophage-mediated cytokine production, proinflammatory enzyme production, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, matrix metalloproteinases, TLR expression, and deleterious transcription factor activation. TCMs also aid in upregulating anti-inflammatory cytokine expression and neuroprotective transcription factor activation in the ischemic lesion in the inflammatory cascade during the acute phase of cerebral ischemia. Thus, TCMs exert potent anti-inflammatory properties in ischemic stroke and warrant further investigation.

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Study on the anti-cerebral ischemia effect of borneol and its mechanism

Cited by 18 publications

References 2 publications

The Role and Mechanism of Borneol to Open the Blood-Brain Barrier

The Role and Mechanism of Borneol to Open the Blood-Brain Barrier

Monoterpenes modulating cytokines - A review

Anti‐Inflammatory Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicines against Ischemic Injury in In Vivo Models of Cerebral Ischemia

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