Study on the chemodrug-induced effect in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells using laser tweezer Raman spectroscopy

Abstract

To explore the effect in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells after treatment with chemodrugs, Raman profiles were characterized by laser tweezer Raman spectroscopy. Two NPC cell lines (CNE2 and C666-1) were treated with gemcitabine, cisplatin, and paclitaxel, respectively. The high-quality Raman spectra of cells without or with treatments were recorded at the single-cell level with label-free laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy (LTRS) and analyzed for the differences of alterations of Raman profiles. Tentative assignments of Raman peaks indicated that the cellular specific biomolecular changes associated with drug treatment include changes in protein structure (e.g. 1655 cm −1), changes in DNA/RNA content and structure (e.g. 830 cm −1), destruction of DNA/RNA base pairs (e.g. 785 cm −1), and reduction in lipids (e.g. 970 cm −1). Besides, both principal components analysis (PCA) combined with linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and the classification and regression trees (CRT) algorithms were employed to further analyze and classify the spectral data between control group and treated group, with the best discriminant accuracy of 96.7% and 90.0% for CNE2 and C666-1 group treated with paclitaxel, respectively. This exploratory work demonstrated that LTRS technology combined with multivariate statistical analysis has promising potential to be a novel analytical strategy at the single-cell level for the evaluation of NPC-related chemotherapeutic drugs.

Reference Raman spectrum and mapping of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts

“…The spectrum generally resembles that published in previous studies, [18] but the high resolution and larger number of biological replicates of our experimental setup show in more detail that oocyst spectra consist of several distinct Raman peaks. Pezzotti [35] and Maquelin et al [40] 872 Tryptophan, Galactosamine Qiu et al [37] and de Gelder et al [38] 943 Proline, Valine, Galactosamine Qiu et al [37] and de Gelder et al [38] 1005 Phenylalanine Maquelin et al [40] 1086 Phospholipid Pezzotti [35] and Maquelin et al [40] 1270 Phospholipid: Amide III Pezzotti [35] and Maquelin et al [40] 1301 Phospholipid Pezzotti [35] and Maquelin et al [40] 1443 Phospholipid Pezzotti [35] and Maquelin et al [40] 1671 Phospholipid: Amide I Pezzotti [35] and Maquelin et al [40] Average Raman spectra of both viable and neutralized oocysts are very similar with no prominent peaks unique to either sample once the background is subtracted; however, a small peak at 1211 cm À1 is present among the neutralized oocysts but not the viable ones. Some relative peak intensities are different between neutralized and viable average spectra, with peaks of 867, 943, 1005, 1086, and 1270 cm À1 more prominent for neutralized oocysts, while the peak of 1301 cm À1 is more prominent for viable oocysts.…”

Probing metabolic alterations in breast cancer in response to molecular inhibitors with Raman spectroscopy and validated with mass spectrometry

“…[23][24][25] RS is also nondestructive allowing sample archival and retesting for accurate measure of therapeutic response. [26][27][28][29] Here, we leveraged the advantages of Raman spectral mapping in its ability to rst measure dynamic changes at the single-cell level with high sensitivity; second spatiotemporally resolve multiplexed metabolic changes; and third enable quantitative analysis. We treated triple-negative BC cell line MDA-MB-231 with Trametinib, a potent and specic MEK1/2 allosteric inhibitor, 30 that downregulates MEK signaling in the ERK pathway.…”

Optical tweezers and Raman spectroscopy for single‐cell classification of drug resistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia

“…Several prominent Raman bands observed in cells are tabulated in Table 1 according to our previous work and other reports [10, 14, 17, 18, 21–25]. Kinds of significant Raman signals were attributed to nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and other chemical compositions.…”

“…LTRS makes up for the deficiency of RS by studying single living cells in suspension in a rapid and nondestructive way, and thus deepen the understanding of the physiological mechanisms of cells. So far, LTRS technology has made great progress in the study of microbial cells, human peripheral blood cells and cancer cells, and can be used to monitor the biochemical changes related to apoptosis of individual cells in real time, evaluate the efficacy of chemotherapy and the cell cycle at different stages of tumor, and detect drugs [17, 18]. LTRS are also used to monitor pairs of leukemia cells [19, 20].…”