Study on the Discrimination between Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Varieties Based on HS-SPME-GC-MS Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analyses

Zheng, Yonghua; Zeng, Xuan; Peng, Wei; Wu, Zhi-Fu; Su, Weiwei

doi:10.3390/molecules23051235

Cited by 41 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The unsupervised PCA is usually conducted to reveal trends in the dataset, such as groupings and clusters based on chemical similarities or differences, while OPLS‐DA is a supervised classification and used to distinguish two or more classes . HCA is a statistical method for finding relatively homogeneous clusters of cases based on measured characteristics …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The unsupervised PCA is usually conducted to reveal trends in the dataset, such as groupings and clusters based on chemical similarities or differences, while OPLS-DA is a supervised classification and used to distinguish two or more classes. 28 HCA is a statistical method for finding relatively homogeneous clusters of cases based on measured characteristics. 29 The semi-quantitative data of 42 samples, which were the peakarea ratios of identified compounds to internal standard, were imported into the software SIMCA-P. After being auto-fitted, a five principal components (PCs) model was obtained which cumulatively accounts for 80.4% of the total variations (PC1 described 45.0% of the sample variability, PC2 described 14.1%, PC3 described 8.7%, PC4 described 7.4% and PC5 described 5.2%).…”

Section: Discrimination Of Gcp and Cp By Multivariate Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterisation and classification of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium varieties based on UHPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS combined with multivariate statistical analyses

Zheng

Zeng

Peng

et al. 2018

Phytochemical Analysis

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Introduction Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CRP), comprising dried pericarps of Citrus reticulata Blanco and its cultivars, is popularly used for its great medicinal and dietary values. Generally, the pericarps from C. reticulate “Chachi” (“Guangchenpi” in Chinese, GCP) is considered to have superior qualities and merit premium price compared with CRP derived from other cultivars (collectively called “Chenpi” in Chinese, CP). Since its multiple origins and derived economic adulteration, it is significant to systematically compare the chemical profiles of different CRP varieties. Objective The main objective of this work was to identify the chemical profiles of CRP from different varieties and find out potential chemical markers for differentiating GCP and CP. Methods In the present study, a total of 42 CRP samples from 10 varieties (including GCP and CP) were analysed by ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS) for chemical profiling. Obtained MS/MS data were further employed in multivariate statistical methods to screen the main compounds which contributed to the characterisation and classification of CRP. Results As a result, 73 compounds (mainly flavonoids) were identified or tentatively characterised in these CRP samples. Based on the obtained chemical profiles data, GCP and CP samples could be easily discriminated from each other by statistical analyses. Moreover, seven compounds were selected as having the most discriminating features which contributed to the classification of CRP. Conclusion This work obtains a better understanding of the chemical profiles of different CRP varieties and provides a practical strategy for the authentication of GCP and CP.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discrimination Of Gcp and Cp By Multivariate Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation and classification of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium varieties based on UHPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS combined with multivariate statistical analyses

Zheng

Zeng

Peng

et al. 2018

Phytochemical Analysis

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“…As a well-known tea, Pu-erh tea is increasingly popular among consumers in Southeast Asia and has many derivative products. Ganpu tea is an emerging tea drink produced from Pu-erh tea and the pericarp of Citrus reticulate Chachi from Xinhui County (Guangdong Province, China) [4]. The manufacturing process of Ganpu tea is briefly summarized as follows: Whole fresh pericarp of C. reticulate Chachi is separated, filled with Pu-erh tea, dried together, and stored in a cool and ventilated place ( Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Profile, Antioxidative, and Gut Microbiota Modulatory Properties of Ganpu Tea: A Derivative of Pu-erh Tea

et al. 2020

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Ganpu tea is an emerging tea drink produced from Pu-erh tea and the pericarp of Citrus reticulate Chachi (GCP). Recently, it has been increasingly favored by consumers due to the potential health effects and special taste. However, information concerning its chemical profile and biological activities is scarce. In this work, a total of 92 constituents were identified in hot-water extracts of Ganpu tea with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS). Moreover, the antioxidative and gut microbiota modulatory properties of Ganpu tea were investigated in rats after long-term dietary consumption. Ganpu tea and GCP could significantly enhance the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 13.4% (p < 0.05) and 15.1% (p < 0.01), as well as the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) by 16.3% (p < 0.01) and 20.5% (p < 0.01), respectively. Both showed better antioxidant capacities than Pu-erh tea. Ganpu tea increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Lactococcus, suggesting the potential of Ganpu tea in modulating the gut microbiota to benefit human health. The obtained results provide essential information for further investigation of Ganpu tea.

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“…In traditional Chinese medicine, the quality and efficacy of most Chinese medicines will change depending on the cultivar [25], as illustrated by the examples of licorice [26], rehmannia [27], Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium [28], Mu Dan Pi [29], etc. The results of this study demonstrated that the E-nose technology combined with chemometrics can realize the identification of two A. officinarum cultivars, and suggests that future research work could combine E-nose data with chemometrics to identify other confusing Chinese medicines or plants, and provide rapid, easy-to-operate, accurate and non-destructive identification methods to ensure the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination of Two Cultivars of Alpinia Officinarum Hance Using an Electronic Nose and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Coupled with Chemometrics

Han

et al. 2019

Sensors

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Background: Alpinia officinarum Hance is both an herbal medicine and a condiment, and generally has different cultivars such as Zhutou galangal and Fengwo galangal. The appearance of these A. officinarum cultivars is similar, but their chemical composition and quality are different. It is therefore important to discriminate between different A. officinarum plants to ensure the consistency of the efficacy of the medicine. Therefore, we used an electronic nose (E-nose) to explore the differences in odor information between the two cultivars for fast and robust discrimination. Methods: Odor and volatile components of all A. officinarum samples were detected by the E-nose and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. The E-nose sensors and GC-MS data were analyzed respectively by principal component analysis (PCA), the correlation between E-nose sensors and GC-MS data were analyzed by partial least squares (PLS). Results: It was found that Zhutou galangal and Fengwo galangal can be discriminated by combining the E-nose with PCA, and the E-nose sensors S2, S6, S7, S9 were important sensors for distinguishing different cultivars of A. officinarum. A total of 56 volatile components of A. officinarum were identified by the GC-MS analysis, and the composition and content of the volatile components from the two different A. officinarum cultivars were different, in particular the relative contents of 1,8-cineole and α-farnesene. The classification result by PCA analysis based on GC-MS data was consistent with the E-nose results. The PLS analysis demonstrated that the volatile terpene, alcohol and ester components primarily interacted with the sensors S2 and S7, indicating that particular E-nose sensors were highly correlated with some aroma constituents. Conclusions: Combined with advanced chemometrics, the E-nose detection technology can discriminate two cultivars of A. officinarum, with GC-MS providing support to determine the material basis of the E-nose sensors’ response.

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Study on the Discrimination between Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Varieties Based on HS-SPME-GC-MS Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analyses

Cited by 41 publications

References 32 publications

Characterisation and classification of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium varieties based on UHPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS combined with multivariate statistical analyses

Characterisation and classification of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium varieties based on UHPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS combined with multivariate statistical analyses

Chemical Profile, Antioxidative, and Gut Microbiota Modulatory Properties of Ganpu Tea: A Derivative of Pu-erh Tea

Discrimination of Two Cultivars of Alpinia Officinarum Hance Using an Electronic Nose and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Coupled with Chemometrics

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