Carbon nanotube (CNT)–asphalt nanocomposites are
considered
to be the next generation of pavement materials; however, the interaction
between CNT and asphalt at the interface and the mechanisms of property
enhancement are not well understood, which limits the application
of CNT–asphalt nanocomposites. In this study, CNT is used as
a representative of one-dimensional nanomaterials, and the interfacial
multiscale interaction mechanism between CNT and asphalt molecules
is investigated by density functional theory (DFT), molecular dynamics
simulation, atomic force microscopy (AFM), gelation permeation chromatography
(GPC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and performance
evaluation. It has been shown that CNT and asphalt substrates are
very compatible at the atomic scale, mainly due to π–π
stacking, mechanical entanglement, and van der Waals forces. The interfacial
energy barrier is −2.63 (kcal/mol)/Å2 and the
shear barriers are 52.70 MPa, with asphaltene and aromatic making
the greatest contribution to interfacial stress transfer. This research
provides a theoretical basis for the targeted tuning of properties
and establishes the basis for CNT–asphalt nanocomposites for
highway applications.