Study on the patterns of semen analysis in infertile males at a tertiary setup in Devanahalli

Abstract

Background: Infertility is a stigma in our social environment where 40-50% is due to male infertility. Aim: To evaluate the different patterns of semen abnormalities seen with associated factors. Methods: A prospective study was carried out at the Pathology Laboratory on seminal fluid with male factor as the cause for infertility. Semen samples were analyzed by manual method, using WHO guidelines. Result: Out of 110 samples studied, 74 were Normozoospermia with normal semen parameters and 36 had abnormal semen parameters. Oligoasthenozoospermia was more evident (23), followed by Oligozoospermia (7), Asthenozoospermia (3), Azoospermia (2) and Teratozoospermia (1). Conclusion: Semen analysis remains the cornerstone for evaluating infertility in males. More than the seminal volume given importance; the count, motility and morphology are the most valuable factors of male infertility. Negative lifestyle has a significant impact on semen parameters especially with cigarette smoking and to some extent alcohol consumption.

Semen Analysis; Corner Stone in Evaluating Infertility

“…Physical obstruction and retrograde ejaculation may also contribute to low ejaculated volume. Anuja et al 17 reported 6% oligospermia which was comparable to our study, while Fouzia et al reported 5 (11.11%) same as 13.3% by Chituri et al 16 A very high percentage of oligospermia as 39.7% is reported by Aulia et al from Jakarta may be for the same reason as they reported higher percentage of azoospermia. 6 Mean ejaculated volume in normopspermia was 3.25 ± 1.35 vs 2.05 ± 2 in oligospermia and 2.43 ± 1.19 in azoospermia sample respectively.…”

“…Majority of our patients had normal semen volume 97.84%, while 1.6% showed hypospermia (<1.5ml), and hyperspermia in 0.5%. These results were comparable to a study conducted in Delhi, 10 and Dewanhalli, 17 which revealed 91% and 92% normal semen volume, while 4.9% and 7% having hypospermia (less than 1.5ml) respectively. Similar results are also shown by Fauzia et al 5 The adequacy of semen volume in our study could be the result of sexual abstinence of 3-4 days.…”

“…Our study revealed azoospermia in 28 (7.6%) of males, which was comparable to study by Jairajpuri et al from Delhi in which azoospermia was 9% 15 and Ramya et al reported 7.5%.16 Much lower percentage was reported by Anuja et al from Devanahalli as 2%. 17 One of the Pakistani study by Fouzia et al shows Azoospermia to be 14.89%. 5 Much higher percentage of azoospermia is also recorded in Jakarta as 24.4%.…”