Study on the toxic effects of diphenol compounds on soil microbial activity by a combination of methods

Impact of beta-cypermethrin on soil microbial community associated with its bioavailability: A combined study by isothermal microcalorimetry and enzyme assay techniques

“…Analytical grade glucose (purity 99.5%) and ammonium sulfate (purity 99%) were purchased from Guangdong Guanghua Chemical Factory Co., Ltd. (Guangzhou, China) and Guangdong Shantou Xilong Chemical Factory (Shantou, China), respectively. A nutrient solution was constituted by 8.3 g glucose plus 8.3 g ammonium sulfate in a 1:1 proportion in 1 L of sterilized deionized water [14]. All other reagents of analytical grade or above were used as received from supplier.…”

“…The procedure was operated using the method of Chen et al [14]. The calorimetric curves were obtained by the 4-mL stainless steel ampoules that were hermetically closed by Teflon sealing discs to prevent evaporation and energy loss.…”

“…In particular, a recent study reveals that the temperature may influence the toxicity of pyrethroids that are more toxic at a relatively low temperature [12], and an isothermal microcalorimeter can maintain a constant temperature, which just avoids the problem of temperature change. Through employing the microcalorimetric technique, our research group has conducted an extensive work on the effects of xenobiotics on soil microbial activities in recent years, such as the impacts of various heavy metals [13], and organic pollutants [14,15]. Alternatively, soil enzyme activities may behave as sensitive indicators in the 0304-3894/$ -see front matter © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.…”

A comparative cytotoxicity study of isomeric alkylphthalates to metabolically variant bacteria

“…A microcalorimeter comprising a reference and five sampling channels was used. Each channel has a calorimetric unit at the bottom and one at the top, separated by a small 'primary' heat sink that is in thermal contact with a surrounding steel tube [21]. The channels are inserted into a precise liquid thermostat which serves as the main heat sink for all the calorimetric units.…”

“…The interactions of phthalates, like other organic pollutants, with microorganisms are biological in nature and accompanied by heat changes [21]. Thus, the biological response to toxicants could be manifested by a change in metabolic heat production rate of cultured cells.…”