Study on Yield Variability in Oil Palm Progenies and Their Genetic Origins

Abstract

One of the most important and widely known plantation crops with high revenue returns is the Elaeis guineensis palm. To date, yield variability in fresh fruit bunches (YFFB) in Malaysian oil palm plantations is one of the key influences in low palm oil yield. Accordingly, an assessment of dura×pisifera progenies and their genetic origins on oil palm yield was investigated. Twenty-four derived progenies from 10 genetic sources were adopted as F1 hybrid-single generation and the standard approach for data collection of the yield and yield traits was followed for three sequential years. Variance analysis showed genetic differences between the progenies and their origins. Amid the progenies analyzed, 45.83% had YFFB above the trial mean. Progeny HPDP500 had the highest YFFB (191.74 kg/palm/year) and the highest bunch number (YBNO) was recorded in PKDP4474 (20.65 bunches/palm/year), and HPDP500 (20.53 bunches/palm/year). In year one and year three, the highest YFFB was reported, while in year one of data collection, the highest YBNO was recorded. Dura-Ulu Remis × Yangambi had the highest YFFB (175.81 kg/palm/year) and Tanzania × Nigeria recorded the highest YBNO (19.06 bunches/palm/year). High heritability and phenotypic coefficient of variation with a moderate genotypic coefficient of variation for all the traits were further revealed. YFFB had a moderate positive YBNO relationship (r = 0.676; df =3, 23; p = 0.0001) and a weak positive average bunch weight correlation (r = 0.378; df = 3, 23; p = 0.0001). For tissue culture and hybridization programs for yield enhancement, progenies and origins with better performance may be used; however, the use of molecular research as a selection criterion seems to be worth further analysis.

Genetic gains for obtaining improved progenies of oil palm in Colombia

“…The artificial selection of a trait its expected change in successive breeding populations and could lead to transgressive segregation. Obtaining superior cultivars of oil palm depends on selecting parents with good traits, stability over time, and low environmental influence (Swaray et al 2020b).…”

“…The breeding programs in oil palm emphasize the selection of high-yield progenies focusing on traits such as FFB, BNO, ABW, and OB (Swaray et al 2020b;Myint et al 2021). However, in our study population, the RRS cycles led to the dwarf progenies dura × dura C1-Vizcaina, which allowed the introgression not only of yield traits, but also of vegetative traits such as slow growth of the stem or dwarf palms that are of great interest in the cultivation of oil palm, but being aware of possible undesired effects in other key traits such as, BNO, MF, OM, etc.…”

Penerapan Model Linier Campuran Untuk Analisis Data Pada Program Pemuliaan Kelapa Sawit

“…Dari penelitian tersebut, analisis model campuran linier digunakan untuk memperhitungkan nilai non-genetik yaitu percobaan dan blok, nilai genetik berupa daya gabung umum dan khususnya. Analisis statistik menggunakan REML dilakukan terhadap 24 keturunan kelapa sawit (DxP) yang berasal dari 10 induk oleh Swaray et al (2020) di Malaysia untuk estimasi komponen varian dan koefisien korelasinya, percobaan tersebut dilakukan pada umur tanaman 11 tahun di mana beberapa data hilang dan distribusi yang tidak merata pada pohon keturunan. Sitepu et al (2022) juga melakukan analisis data tidak seimbang menggunakan metode REML pada data 21 progeni hasil persilangan dura dan tenera terbaik menggunakan rancangan persilangan North Carolina II, hasil pendugaan komponen ragam tersebut digunakan untuk mengetahui nilai pemuliaannya.…”

Performance of three oil palm varieties on the East Coast of North Sumatra

“…The severity level of environmental and agricultural practices on the actual yield also depends on the type of oil palm variety used. Nowadays, most varieties in Indonesia are derived from Dura × Pisifera (DxP) progeny planting materials, which have been proven to increase oil palm productivity [6]. Each of these varieties has a different growth and production rate.…”