Studying Bilinguals: Methodological and Conceptual Issues 1

Grosjean, François

doi:10.1002/9780470756997.ch2

Cited by 47 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…In addition, the recording session was carried out entirely in Polish. This may be assumed to have prevented language mixing effects (Grosjean 2004) as it has in other studies of bilingual speech (e.g Antoniou et al 2010). Thus, it may be suggested that the data are reasonably characteristic of Polish as a whole.…”

Section: Cross-language Comparison Of L1 Polish and L1 English (L1 Comentioning

confidence: 95%

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The phonology of vowel VISC-osity – acoustic evidence and representational implications

Schwartz

2021

Glossa: A Journal of General Linguistics

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While vowel inherent spectral change (VISC) is becoming increasingly prominent in phonetic descriptions of varieties of English, there is little data on whether and how formant dynamics may shape the vowel systems of other languages. This paper provides cross-language acoustic comparisons of the degree of VISC in Polish and British English. In one study, British English showed a greater concentration of F1 movement earlier in the time course of vowels than Polish. In a second study, proficient Polish speakers of English showed a greater concentration of F1 movement earlier in the time course of vowels while speaking their L2 English than while speaking their L1 Polish. These findings are in line with a proposal formulated in the Onset Prominence (OP) framework, by which the relative degree of formant dynamics in the two languages is attributable to consonantal or vocalic affiliation of the Vocalic Onset (VO) node of structure. Consonantal VO affiliation in English contributes to a greater degree of VISC concentrated earlier in vowel duration. Further empirical patterns associated with the OP representational settings in the two languages are also discussed, along with implications for other languages.

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Section: Cross-language Comparison Of L1 Polish and L1 English (L1 Comentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Recordings were made in two sessions separated by at least one week. The purpose of separating the recording sessions was to prevent language mixing effects (Grosjean 2004). In the first session, Polish was recorded, and the recordings were conducted in Polish by a native speaker.…”

Section: Materials and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The phonology of vowel VISC-osity – acoustic evidence and representational implications

Schwartz

2021

Glossa: A Journal of General Linguistics

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“…The influence of external cues is further supported by the suggestion that bilinguals may operate in specific 'language modes' (Grosjean, 1998(Grosjean, , 2008. These modes can be best visualised along a continuum, ranging from a completely monolingual mode (in which a bilingual activates the representations of only one language) to a completely bilingual mode (in which a bilingual activates the representations of both languages).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

External non-linguistic cues influence language selection during a forced choice task

Vaughan-Evans

2022

Bilingualism

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This study investigated the effect of external non-linguistic cues on language selection in bilinguals. Participants viewed photographs and stated in which language they would speak to the individuals in those photographs via a button press. These images were manipulated such that external cues (the ‘speak Welsh’ logo, presented in the form of a poster or a lanyard) were present or absent. Participants responded faster and selected Welsh as their language of choice more often in trials that contained a language cue than in trials in which a language cue was absent. Furthermore, trials containing a lanyard had a greater effect on participant performance than trials containing a poster. These results suggest that external cues can influence language selection in bilinguals, and that the perceived reliability of the cue can modulate this effect. These findings have implications for the language selection literature and could inform the development of future language use interventions.

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“…Thus, to reconcile the mixed findings in the existing comprehension studies, it is necessary to take a flexible perspective, investigating how the relationship between cognitive control and bilingual language control varies as a function of contexts. For example, bilinguals tend to operate in different language modes, ranging from monolingual language modes to bilingual language modes involving code-switching (Grosjean, 1998(Grosjean, , 2001(Grosjean, , 2008. Importantly, it has been observed that different language modes induce different levels of linguistic co-activation and distinct control processes (Jiao, Liu, de Bruin & Chen, 2020a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic engagement of cognitive control in intra-sentential code-switching during comprehension

Jiang

Chen

2022

Bilingualism

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This study investigated whether the deployment of cognitive control was modulated by the intra-sentential code-switching types during comprehension. L1-dominant Chinese–English bilinguals were administered a self-paced reading task in two reading contexts – namely, alternation context and dense code-switching context. We assessed language switch cost and reversed language dominance effect in the self-paced reading task and examined how these language control measures related to domain-general inhibition and monitoring capacities. The results showed a larger switch cost asymmetry in alternation context compared to dense CS context. In addition, bilinguals’ inhibition skills were associated with second language (L2) switch cost in alternation context, while monitoring tended to predict the language dominance effect in dense code-switching context. These findings suggest that alternation context exerts high requirement to reactive inhibition while dense code-switching context tends to induce proactive monitoring during comprehension. We conclude that intra-sentential code-switching types trigger different aspects of cognitive control during comprehension.

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Studying Bilinguals: Methodological and Conceptual Issues 1

Cited by 47 publications

References 67 publications

The phonology of vowel VISC-osity – acoustic evidence and representational implications

The phonology of vowel VISC-osity – acoustic evidence and representational implications

External non-linguistic cues influence language selection during a forced choice task

Dynamic engagement of cognitive control in intra-sentential code-switching during comprehension

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