Studying the Impact of Golgi Glypican73 Serving as a Candidate Biomarker in Early Diagnosis for Hepatocellular Carcinoma among Saudi Patients

Abstract

Background: Due to the prevalence of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Saudi Arabia, using new markers to give best diagnostic performance than alpha-feto protein (AFP) are important in early diagnosis. The aim of this work was to compare the significance between serum and mRNA Golgi glypican73 (GP-73) as newly identified diagnostic and prognostic markers for HCC among Saudi patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 300 subjects were divided into: 250 blood samples where 145 samples from HCC, 105 samples from chronic liver cirrhosis (CLC) and 50 normal controls were investigated for serum GP73 (sGP73) by ELISA. GP-73 mRNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells was amplified by RT-PCR. The sensitivity and specificity of both techniques was compared. Results: Serum Golgi glypican 73 was significantly higher in HCC group compared to cirrhotic and normal controls (p<0.001). Sensitivity and specificity were 95% for sGP-73, 100% and 90% for Golgi glypican 73 mRNA. The combination of sensitivity between AFP and sGP73 was 80% and 95% respectively. Conclusion: Both serum Golgi glypican-73 and GP-73Mrna are good diagnostic biomarkers for early detection of HCC in Saudi patients. RT-PCR is more accurate and sensitive (100%) than ELISA (95%) in detecting Golgi glypican 73.

A comparison of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization used with and without apatinib for intermediate- to advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Additionally, due to its poor outcome for patients, it was the second most lethal cancer worldwide in 2018 (1). Despite massive efforts to find novel serum biomarkers and advanced imaging methods to improve sensitivity and specificity in detecting early-stage HCC, up until now, no particularly satisfying marker or imaging technique has been found (2)(3)(4). Moreover, on account of the highly aggressive nature and hidden character of HCC, a large portion of patients are classified as being at the intermediate-to advanced-stage of the disease at the time of their diagnosis, placing them beyond the indications for curative treatments including hepatectomy, radiofrequency or microwave ablation, and liver transplantation (5).…”

<p>Golgi Protein 73 versus Alpha-Fetoprotein as a New Biomarker in Early Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma</p>

“…Serum GP73 levels demonstrate increased sensitivity in relation to AFP in the early diagnosis of HCC. 4…”

Saudi Association for the Study of Liver diseases and Transplantation practice guidelines on the diagnosis and management of hepatocellular carcinoma

“…Therefore, measuring Golgi protein 73 levels is not expected to give false-positive results in non-HCC HBV/HCV patients. [ 82 ] These results warrant further investigation to estimate and clarify the role of Golgi protein 73 in the early diagnosis of HCC.…”

“…[ 78 79 80 81 ] In this respect, a recent study assessed the potential of Golgi protein 73 as a diagnostic biomarker for the early detection of HCC in Saudi patients. [ 82 ] HCC patients had significantly elevated levels of serum Golgi protein 73 compared to patients with cirrhosis, non-HCC hepatitis patients and normal controls. As such, these findings indicate that Golgi protein 73 is a promising serum biomarker for HCC (sensitivity and specificity 95% and 95% for serum Golgi protein 73 [ELISA] and 100% and 95% for Golgi protein 73 mRNA [RT-PCR] vs. 80% sensitivity and specificity for AFP).…”