SU107. Disrupted Continuity of Subjective Time in the Milliseconds Range in the Self-disturbances of Schizophrenia: Convergence of Experimental, Phenomenological, and Predictive Coding Accounts

Abstract

Posters (Sunday) S199Background: Individuals who have a psychotic disorder often find it difficult to recognize emotions, read others' mental states, and assess social situations. These social cognitive deficits are highly predictive of problems in daily life functioning. Meta-analyses show that social cognition can be improved by social cognition training (SCT) approaches; however, longterm effects appear to be limited. Given that training of cognitive functions is best executed in a manner that resembles and is integrated with participants' daily lives as much as possible, a plausible explanation is that the stimuli and techniques that are typically used in SCT do not sufficiently resemble real-life social interactions. Several key characteristics of realworld interactions are absent from these stimuli, most notably interaction with the material. Methods: To improve transference of SCT to daily life functioning and interaction, we have therefore developed a SCT which utilizes Virtual Reality (VR). VR is highly realistic, eliciting genuine psychological reactions, and highly interactive: the environment and the virtual people ("avatars") in it react to the actions of the participant. Background: Schizophrenia is associated with positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and deficits in neurocognition as well as social cognition. Deficits in social cognition are more closely linked to functional outcome than general/nonsocial cognitive deficits. The "mirror-neuron system" is the substrate for social cognition and is shown to have diminished activation in schizophrenia. Of late, yoga been identified as a therapy across many psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. Recent understanding of mechanism of yoga in improving negative symptoms of schizophrenia could be due to enhancement of mirror neuron activation (MNA). Methods: Schizophrenia patients were offered add-on yoga therapy with ongoing medication. Subjects in yoga group underwent supervised yoga therapy for 1 month (20 sessions, 1-h duration). The control group included schizophrenia patients who received treatment as usual. Both groups were assessed on PANSS and socio-occupational functioning scale (SOFS) at the beginning and end of 1 month. Mirror neuron activity was assessed using functional Near Infra-Red Spectroscopy (fNIRS) with experimental task (action observation and action execution) before and after 1 month. Statistical analysis was done using R software.Results: There was a significantly greater increase in left ventral premotor cortex MNA in yoga therapy group (n = 7) when compared with control group (n = 7) (Mann-Whitney U = 5.0; P = .013). Conclusion:The current study provides preliminary evidence for response to yoga therapy in schizophrenia patients. University of LiverpoolBackground: Exercise has previously been shown to reduce symptoms of schizophrenia in long-term patients, along with improving their physical health and cognitive functioning. However, the effects of exercise in firstepisode psychosis (FEP) have not been widely investig...

Transdiagnostic assessment of temporal experience (TATE) a tool for assessing abnormal time experiences

“…Several researchers suggest that temporality is often disturbed in psychopathological states, with different disturbances characteristic of different kinds of disorders (von Gebsattel, 1928;Minkowski, 1933;Straus, 1947;Binswanger, 1960;Kimura, 1992). Lived time may be disturbed across various conditions, including schizophrenia spectrum disorders (Minkowski, 1933;Kimura, 1992;Gallagher, 2000;Vogeley & Kupke, 2007;Arzy et al, 2011;Fuchs, 2007aFuchs, , 2013aFuchs, , 2013bBowden, 2013;Sass & Pienkos, 2013;Stanghellini et al, 2015;Giersch & Mishara, 2017;Sass, 2019;Vogel et al, 2019), depressive disorders (von Gebsattel, 1928;Straus, 1928Straus, , 1947Minkowski, 1933;Binswanger,1933Binswanger, , 1960Bech, 1975;Kimura, 1992;Kobayashi, 1998;van Beek et al 2011;Ratcliffe, 2012;Sass & Pienkos, 2013;Borda, 2016;Stanghellini et al, 2016;Moskalewicz, 2018aMoskalewicz, , 2018bVogel, 2018;Fuchs, 2001Fuchs, , 2013aFuchs, , 2014Fuchs, , 2019a, mania (Alonso-Fernandez, 1982;…”