Sub‐lethal Photodynamic Damage to ARPE‐19 Cells Transiently Inhibits Their Phagocytic Activity<sup>†</sup>

Olchawa, Magdalena; Szewczyk, Grzegorz; Zaręba, Mariusz; Piłat, Anna; Bzowska, Monika; Mikołajczyk, T.; Sarna, Tadeusz

doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2010.00727.x

Cited by 18 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Cell viability was determined with MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) reagent. The method reflects the activity of mitochondrial succinate-dehydrogenase (Olchawa et al, 2010) . D407 cells (1x10 4 cells/well, 96 well plate) were treated with RSV+/-RB, and exposed to green LED light as described above.…”

Section: Dulbeccomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resveratrol Modulates Oxidative Status in Rose Bengal Photosensitized Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Rugină¹,

Popescu²,

Diaconeasa³

et al. 2018

BUASVMCN-FST

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Eye exposure to high light intensities can produce a photochemical damage to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), leading to severe pathologies. RPE D407 cells treated with Resveratrol (RSV, 100 µM, 24h) +/-photosensitizer Rose Bengal (RB, 500 nM, 1h) were exposed to green LED light. Cell viability and level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced after exposure to green light +/-RB were evaluated by MTT, respectively ROS assays. Spectrophotometric methods were used to determine GSH level and enzyme activities (CAT, SOD, GPx). Green LED light alone reduced cell viability with 30%, but a 40% reduction was observed in the presence of RB. RSV proved to have a strong positive impact, with a 20% increase in the viability of D407 cells exposed to green LED light. Viability of D407 cells exposed to green LED light +/+ RB in the presence of RSV remained unchanged comparing to corresponding control. RSV blocked the intracellular ROS production, stimulated or restored the antioxidant enzymes activities and increased the level of reduced GSH in cells exposed to green LED light +/-RB. Our data came to support the potential use of RSV as protecting agent of retina's antioxidant defence system in light-induced stress.

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Section: Dulbeccomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RB is currently used as stain in ophthalmic diagnostic procedures. As RB is unable to cross efficiently the cytoplasmic membranes, it is located mostly outside the cell (Olchawa et al, 2010).…”

Section: Protective Effects Of Rsv On Cell Viability Under Photosensimentioning

confidence: 99%

Resveratrol Modulates Oxidative Status in Rose Bengal Photosensitized Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Rugină¹,

Popescu²,

Diaconeasa³

et al. 2018

BUASVMCN-FST

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“…Whereas, the non-specific phagocytosis of polystyrene beads was inhibited by PD-stress mediated only by MC-540. The inhibition of specific and non-specific phagocytosis was a transient and reversible phenomenon by 24 hours [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Since all of the photosensitizers used are known for their abilities to photogenerate singlet oxygen [14,21,22], here we used new model for non-photic induction of oxidative stress in order to examine the role of free radicals in inhibition of specific and non-specific phagocytosis by ARE-19 cells. Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) treatment of cell cultures is a common model of oxidative stress induction in cells that in vivo are at high risk of oxidative damage, such as retinal pigment epithelium [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inhibition of phagocytic activity of ARPE-19 cells by free radical mediated oxidative stress

Olchawa

Piłat

Szewczyk

et al. 2016

Free Radical Research

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Oxidative stress is a main factor responsible for key changes leading to the onset of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) that occur in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which is involved in phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segments (POS). In this study, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), H2O2 and iron ions (Fe) or rose Bengal (RB) in the presence of NADH and Fe were used to model free radical mediated oxidative stress to test if free radicals and singlet oxygen have different efficiency to inhibit phagocytosis of ARPE-19 cells. Free radical mediated oxidative stress was confirmed by HPLC-EC(Hg) measurements of cholesterol hydroperoxides in treated cells. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin trapping was employed to detect superoxide anion. Cell survival was analyzed by the MTT assay. Specific phagocytosis of fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate-labeled POS and non-specific phagocytosis of fluorescent beads were measured by flow cytometry. HPLC analysis of cells photosensitized with RB in the presence of NADH and Fe indicated substantial increase in formation of free radical-dependent 7α/7β-hydroperoxides. EPR spin trapping confirmed the photogeneration of superoxide anion in samples enriched with RB, NADH and Fe. For all three protocols sub-lethal oxidative stress induced significant inhibition of the specific phagocytosis of POS. In contrast, non-specific phagocytosis was inhibited only by H2O2 or H2O2 and Fe treatment. Inhibition of phagocytosis was transient and recoverable by 24 h. These results suggest that free radicals may exert similar to singlet oxygen efficiency in inhibiting phagocytosis of RPE cells, and that the effect depends on the location where initial reactive species are formed.

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Oxidized Lipids Decrease Phagocytic Activity of ARPE‐19 Cells In Vitro

Pawlak

Olchawa

Kościelniak

et al. 2019

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Phospholipids, representing 80% of retinal lipids, contain a high level of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are susceptible to oxidation. It has recently been shown that Folch’ extract of bovine neural retinas reveals moderate photoreactivity by generating reactive oxygen species upon irradiation with blue light. Importantly, the photoreactivity markedly increases upon oxidation of the exctracted lipids. In this work, the phototoxic potential of the Folch’ extract of bovine neural retinas (BRex), subjected to controlled oxidation, is studied in vitro employing a retinal pigment epithelium cell line (ARPE‐19). Multilamellar liposomes prepared from BRex, equilibrated with air, are oxidized in the dark at 37 °C for up to 400 h. The liposomes are then introduced into ARPE‐19 cells by phagocytosis. The impact of BRex at different stages of oxidation on viability and specific phagocytic activity of ARPE‐19 cells exposed to visible light is analyzed. While the oxidized BRex, at the light doses employed, does not induce any measurable killing of the cells, the treatment noticeably decreases their specific phagocytic activity. Practical Applications: Lipid oxidation products are commonly considered as an efficient protein modification factor occurring in the retina. Although possible consequences of oxidation of retinal lipids for the onset and development of age‐related macular degeneration are widely discussed, their potential photoreactivity and possible phototoxicity have not been considered. This is an important issue; taking into account that reactive products of lipid oxidation present in the outer retina, it may be exposed to short‐wavelength visible radiation. If photoreactive, peroxidized retinal lipids may act as acquired endogenous sensitizers increasing the risk of retina photodamage. In this work, the phototoxic potential of the Folch’ extract of bovine neural retinas (BRex), subjected to controlled oxidation, is studied in vitro employing a retinal pigment epithelium cell line (ARPE‐19). Lipids present in the retina are characterized by high level of unsaturation that makes them susceptible to oxidation. When oxidized, retinal lipids become photoreactive under visible light. Treatment of retinal pigment epithelium cells (ARPE‐19) with liposomes prepared from oxidized Folch’ extract of bovine neural retinas followed by irradiation with visible light, reduces phagocytic activity of ARPE‐19 cells.

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Sub‐lethal Photodynamic Damage to ARPE‐19 Cells Transiently Inhibits Their Phagocytic Activity^†

Cited by 18 publications

References 62 publications

Resveratrol Modulates Oxidative Status in Rose Bengal Photosensitized Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Resveratrol Modulates Oxidative Status in Rose Bengal Photosensitized Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Inhibition of phagocytic activity of ARPE-19 cells by free radical mediated oxidative stress

Oxidized Lipids Decrease Phagocytic Activity of ARPE‐19 Cells In Vitro

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Sub‐lethal Photodynamic Damage to ARPE‐19 Cells Transiently Inhibits Their Phagocytic Activity†

Cited by 18 publications

References 62 publications

Resveratrol Modulates Oxidative Status in Rose Bengal Photosensitized Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Resveratrol Modulates Oxidative Status in Rose Bengal Photosensitized Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Inhibition of phagocytic activity of ARPE-19 cells by free radical mediated oxidative stress

Oxidized Lipids Decrease Phagocytic Activity of ARPE‐19 Cells In Vitro

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Sub‐lethal Photodynamic Damage to ARPE‐19 Cells Transiently Inhibits Their Phagocytic Activity^†