Subacute toxicity of cephaloridine to various species

Atkinson, R. M.

doi:10.1016/0041-008x(66)90051-2

Cited by 47 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…COMMENT Experience has shown that cephaloridine toxicity is very low (Proceedings of Conference on Cephaloridine, 1967). Some laboratory animals injected with cephaloridine show necrosis of the proximal renal tubular cells (Atkinson et al, 1966); the dose producing this nephrotoxic effect is usually proportionately many times the human therapeutic dose. The cytotoxic effect is probably due to excessive accumulation of cephaloridine in the tubular epithelium.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible encephalopathy and acute renal failure after cephaloridine.

Gabriel¹,

Foord²,

Joekes³

1970

BMJ

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Eight parenteral courses of antibiotics, including cephaloridine, were given over the next six months, but relapse invariably ensued with the same strains of E. coli, the drug sensitivity pattern being unchanged. High-dosage therapy was begun, using cephaloridine 8 g./day (160 mg./kg. body weight/day) intravenously for 12 days, then 4 g. daily intramuscularly for two days. On the 13th day she vomited and rapidly became semiconscious. Blood urea 170 mg./100 ml.; creatinine 6-4 mg./100 ml.; 24-hour urine volume 750 ml. On the 14th day the blood cephaloridine

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible encephalopathy and acute renal failure after cephaloridine.

Gabriel¹,

Foord²,

Joekes³

1970

BMJ

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“…This is due to the numerous levels at which a drug effect may be analyzed: pharmacokinetic studies and identification of target organs require a wholebody approach, whereas freshly isolated or cultured cells or tubular fragments allow access to subcellular or molecular mechanisms o f the drug action; an intermediate model is provided by the isolated perfused kidney which permits ac cess to whole organ function, and also by histological anal yses allowing fine tissue localization of injury. In this arti cle, we would like to underline the benefits that can be drawn from the use of a two-chamber system o f tubular cell culture (a simplified epithelium) for investigating the toxic effects of a well-known nephrotoxic antibacterial agent, ce phaloridine [1][2][3]. Prof …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous animal models have been proposed and used to investigate the mechanisms of drug toxicity to the renal proximal tubule [1][2][3][4]. This is due to the numerous levels at which a drug effect may be analyzed: pharmacokinetic studies and identification of target organs require a wholebody approach, whereas freshly isolated or cultured cells or tubular fragments allow access to subcellular or molecular mechanisms o f the drug action; an intermediate model is provided by the isolated perfused kidney which permits ac cess to whole organ function, and also by histological anal yses allowing fine tissue localization of injury.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advantages of a Two-Chamber Culture System to Test Drug Nephrotoxicity: The Example of Cephaloridine

Bolon

Gauthier²,

Simonnet³

et al. 1997

Kidney Blood Press Res

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Rabbit renal proximal tubular cells, cultured to confluency on a permeable collagen film in a two-chamber system, were exposed for 72 h to various concentrations of the nephrotoxic antibiotic, cephaloridine (CLD). A decrease in cellular proteins, leakage of lactate dehydrogenase and morphological changes appeared at CLD concentrations of 0.1,1.0, and 0.5 mg/ml, respectively. The permeability of the monolayer to Lucifer yellow (LY), a dye that does not cross cell membranes, was increased by 1 or 2 mg/ml but not by lower concentrations of CLD. The large basolateral/apical glucose concentration gradient established by the cells was decreased by CLD. However, the fact that, at the CLD concentration of 1 mg/ml, LY totally equilibrated by diffusion across the monolayer, whereas the injured monolayer was still able to maintain a detectable glucose gradient, shows that damage caused by CLD to the diffusion barrier prevails over that affecting glucose uptake. Consistent with the data in the literature concerning the mechanism of CLD accumulation in renal cells, our results show that CLD was more toxic when it was added at the basolateral than at the apical side of the cultured cells. These results illustrate the advantages of using a two-chamber system of cell culture in nephrotoxicity studies.

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“…Judging from our clinical experiences and available literature [2,3,14], it seems to be a safe antibiotic. We have not had any severe problems during the past 7 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Neurological Side Effect of Cephaloridine: Enhancement of the Electroretinogram

Yamashita¹,

Nagata²

1975

Ophthalmic Res

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Cephaloridine 10^––3–10^––4 g/ml was observed to prominently increase the amplitude of the in vitro ERG of rabbits. Both a- and b-waves were enhanced immediately after a topical administration of the chemical. The effect leveled off and disappeared when the retina was rinsed with fresh medium. The grade of enhancement was related to the degree of topical concentration. Based on these observations, a neurological side effect of cephaloridine was suggested when the chemical is very highly concentrated and applied topically to the retina.

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Subacute toxicity of cephaloridine to various species

Cited by 47 publications

References 12 publications

Reversible encephalopathy and acute renal failure after cephaloridine.

Reversible encephalopathy and acute renal failure after cephaloridine.

Advantages of a Two-Chamber Culture System to Test Drug Nephrotoxicity: The Example of Cephaloridine

A Neurological Side Effect of Cephaloridine: Enhancement of the Electroretinogram

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