Subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage in cocaine abusers

Aleksić, Ivan; Dzambas, Jelena; Marinkovic, Nadica; Šegrt, Zoran; Nikolić, Marina

doi:10.2298/vsp191229034a

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The risk of experiencing an ICH was found to be more prominently increased with recent cocaine use than the risk of an ischemic stroke. [ 30 , 31 ] A direct correlation was reported between the concentrations of cocaine or cocaine-related metabolites in the body and the incidence of ICH or SAH [ 43 ]. In contrast, stroke severity measures at the time of admission, including Hunt and Hess (HH) score, Fisher grade, World Federation of Neurological Surgeons (WFNS) grade, and the proportion of patients with a Glasgow Coma Score < 8, showed no statistically significant difference between cocaine users and non-users across five studies [ 20 , 26 , 29 , 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet, three studies reported more severe HH scores upon admission in patients enduring cocaine-associated SAH [ 12 , 24 , 27 ]. One study drew an association between a positive toxicology upon admission and stroke severity [ 43 ]. Interestingly, the severity of ischemic stroke, as gauged by the NIH Stroke Scale, was not distinctively different between cocaine users and non-users [ 16 , 33 , 36 , 41 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Results from the risk of bias assessment [ 8 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ]. …”

Section: Figureunclassified

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cocaine and Ischemic or Hemorrhagic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Evidence

Rendón

Malta

Leung

et al. 2023

JCM

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Cocaine consumption has increased over the last decade. The potent sympathomimetic effects of the drug can lead to serious neurovascular complications in the form of ischemic stroke (IS), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This systematic review and meta-analysis were designed to describe the clinical features and outcomes of patients suffering from IS, ICH, or SAH occurring in the context of cocaine use. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science libraries were queried in December 2022. Studies were included if they provided information regarding the epidemiology, clinical presentation, or outcomes in cocaine-associated strokes. Odds ratios (OR) were pooled using a random-effects model. A total of 36 papers were included. Strokes associated with cocaine use were more prevalent in younger populations and those of African American descent. Cocaine use increased the odds of IS, ICH, or SAH (OR = 5.05, p < 0.001). The odds of mortality (OR = 1.77, p = 0.0021), vasospasm (OR = 2.25, p = 0.0037), and seizures (OR = 1.61, p < 0.001) were also worse when strokes were associated with cocaine use. In addition to counseling patients on the benefits of drug cessation, clinicians should remain vigilant of the potential complications in patients who are hospitalized with cocaine-associated strokes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cocaine and Ischemic or Hemorrhagic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Evidence

Rendón

Malta

Leung

et al. 2023

JCM

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“…Several retrospective studies report SAH, ICH, IS and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) in cocaine-positive subjects [ 50 , 51 , 53 , 58 , 59 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 ].…”

Section: Neuropathological Findings In Drug Abusersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macroscopic and Microscopic Cerebral Findings in Drug and Alcohol Abusers: The Point of View of the Forensic Pathologist

Montana,

Alfieri,

Neri

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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Drug abuse still represents a significant challenge for forensic pathologists; it must always be considered during the autopsy examination when the brain morphological alterations observed are not characteristic of any known disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Nonetheless, no specific brain lesions had been found to characterize the precise drug that caused the poisoning. In fact, a broad spectrum of changes affecting the CNS are seen in drug abusers. Thus, forensic pathology plays a key role in identifying the encephalic morphological alterations underlying the death. The aim of this review is to present an updated overview of the literature regarding the correlation between the main substances of abuse and the morphological alterations of the CNS to help the forensic pathologist to discriminate drug-induced alterations of the brain. The authors used the PRISMA criteriology to perform the bibliographic search for the present review. Among the articles identified according to the selected search criteria, 116 articles were chosen which allow us to define a picture of the main macroscopic and microscopic alterations of the brain in drug abuse.

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“Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Cocaine Consumption: A Systematic Review and Metanalysis”

Florez-Perdomo,

Reyes Bello,

García-Ballestas

et al. 2024

World Neurosurgery

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Subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage in cocaine abusers

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Cocaine and Ischemic or Hemorrhagic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Evidence

Cocaine and Ischemic or Hemorrhagic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Evidence

Macroscopic and Microscopic Cerebral Findings in Drug and Alcohol Abusers: The Point of View of the Forensic Pathologist

“Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Cocaine Consumption: A Systematic Review and Metanalysis”

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