Subchronic toxicity study of peppermint oil in rats

Spindler, Per; Madsen, Charlotte Bernhard

doi:10.1016/0378-4274(92)90024-e

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…11,12 Menthone has been reported to be a growth inhibitor, 13 whereas pulegone, a potent abortifacient, is metabolized by hepatic microsomal monooxygenases to a series of hepatotoxins that cause liver cancer. 14 Similarly, Spindler and Madsen 15 reported that all hematological and biochemical parameters as well as absolute and relative weights of the organs were within normal range, whereas the histopathological examination revealed alteration in the rat brain following the administration of peppermint oil (oil from Mentha piperita for a 86-day experimental period). Unfortunately, however, there is a lack of information on the toxicological effect of the essential oil from M. longifolia leaves growing in the Eastern Cape of South Africa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Toxicological Evaluation of the Essential Oil fromMentha longifoliaL. subsp.capensisLeaves in Rats

Odeyemi

Yakubu

Masika

et al. 2009

Journal of Medicinal Food

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The effects of the essential oil from the leaves of Mentha longifolia L. subsp. capensis on some biochemical parameters of Wistar rats were studied. The oil at 125, 250, 375, and 500 microL/kg of body weight reduced (P < .05) the red blood cells and lymphocytes with no definite pattern on the white blood cells and mean cell volume. The doses significantly increased the neutrophils, monocytes, large unstained cells, liver-body weight ratio, and serum concentrations of cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and inorganic phosphate but had no effect on the heart body weight ratio and serum low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, Na(+), Ca(2+), Cl(-), K(+), creatinine, and uric acid. The oil at 500 microL/kg of body weight also increased the kidney-body weight ratio. In contrast, the oil reduced the serum urea and atherogenic index. The total and conjugated bilirubin, together with the total protein and albumin, in the serum increased only with oil at 125 microL/kg of body weight. The serum alkaline phosphatase activity also increased with no significant change in those of gamma-glutamyl transferase and alanine and aspartate aminotransferase. The results indicate dose- and parameter-specific effect of the essential oil. Although the essential oil from M. longifolia leaves may not predispose to atherosclerosis, it may increase the functional activity of the rat liver at the lowest dose investigated. Therefore, the essential oil from M. longifolia may not be completely "safe" at the doses investigated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Toxicological Evaluation of the Essential Oil fromMentha longifoliaL. subsp.capensisLeaves in Rats

Odeyemi

Yakubu

Masika

et al. 2009

Journal of Medicinal Food

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“…Some studies reported that the extract of M. piperita reduce symptoms in dyspepsia (Madisch et al, 2001;Rösch et al, 2002) and IBS patients (Kline et al, 2001 Furthermore, a study reported the histophatological effect of Mentha piperita on white matter of cerebellum and proximal convoluted tubules in animal model (Thorup et al, 1983;Spindler & Madsen, 1992). It was reported that the oil of Mentha piperita has a genotoxic effect on human lymphocytes (Lazutka et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Embryotoxicity of Mentha piperita L. During Organogenesis in Balb/c Mice

et al. 2011

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SUMMARY:Mentha piperita (Labiatae), commonly known as peppermint is a native Iranian herb which is used in folk medicine for various purposes. This study was carried out to reveal the teratogenic effect of Mentha piperita on mice fetuses. In this experimental study, pregnant Balb/c mice divided to four groups. Case group received 600 (treatment I) and 1200 (treatment II) mg/kg/day the hydroalcoholic extract of Mentha piperita during 6-15 of gestational days and one control group received normal saline during GD6-GD15 by gavages and other control group did not receive any matter during 6-15 of gestational days. Mice sacrificed at GD18 and embryos were collected. Macroscopic observation was done by stereomicroscope. 20 fetuses of each group were stained by Alizarin red-S and Alcian blue staining method. The Mean weight of fetuses decreased in treatment groups rather than control (P<0.05) but CRL there was no significant difference between treatments and controls groups. In the treatment I (600 mg/kg/day) and treatment II (1200 mg/kg/day), normal saline and control group, no gross congenital malformations were observed in fetuses. Treated fetuses also had no delayed bone ossification as determined by Alizarin red-S and Alcian blue staining method. This study showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of Mentha piperita (600 and 1200 mg/ kg/day) has no teratogenic effect in mice fetuses if used continuously during embryonic period.

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“…The Natural standards, a medical integrative international organization, mentioned a dose of up to 1 gram per kilogram of body weight is considered fatal. High doses of peppermint oil are declared in animals to cause   cystic spaces in cerebellar white matter and nephropathy in male rats [1]. In the same study, all doses of peppermint oil given to rats caused vacuolization of hepatocytes and increased liver weights.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It enhances smooth muscle relaxation, reduces lower esophageal sphincter tone, and reduces the skin barrier by vasodilation [5, 6]. Adverse reactions to enteric-coated peppermint oil capsules are rare but can include hypersensitivity reaction, contact dermatitis, abdominal pain, acid reflux disease, perianal burning, decrease gastric emptying, bradycardia, and muscle tremor [1, 7, 8]. Twelve patients reported having oral ulceration, lichenoid reactions, and burning mouth syndrome after exposure to peppermint or menthol [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Menthol Toxicity: An Unusual Cause of Coma

Baibars

Eng

Shaheen

et al. 2012

Case Reports in Medicine

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The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) consider menthol an effective substance, which help in common cold symptoms and labeled to have low toxicity profile. Direct exposure to high menthol amount has been reported in animal; but no studies have been done to show the effect of menthol on long-term use in humans. Up to our knowledge we are reporting a rare case of chronic exposure to significant amount of menthol associated with cutaneous, gastrointestinal and neurological manifestations.

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Subchronic toxicity study of peppermint oil in rats

Cited by 33 publications

References 9 publications

Toxicological Evaluation of the Essential Oil fromMentha longifoliaL. subsp.capensisLeaves in Rats

Toxicological Evaluation of the Essential Oil fromMentha longifoliaL. subsp.capensisLeaves in Rats

Study of Embryotoxicity of Mentha piperita L. During Organogenesis in Balb/c Mice

Menthol Toxicity: An Unusual Cause of Coma

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