“…where h c is the single-phase heat transfer coefficient (Kader, 1981 andEgorov, 2004) [38,39], T w is the wall temperatures, T l is the liquid temperatures, A b is the area covered by nucleating bubbles, h f v is the latent heat of evaporation, d vw is the bubble departure diameter, and f is the bubble departure frequency. In Equation (7), n is the active nucleate sites density, which indicates the number of nucleate sites per unit area and is related to surface roughness and wettability between the liquid phase and the wall [40]. Additionally, ρ l and k l is the liquid density and the conductivity within the control volume, ρ v is the vapor density within the control volume, and C pl is the specific heat of liquid at constant pressure.…”