Subject reactivity effects and alcohol treatment outcome research.

Clifford, Patrick R.; Maisto, Stephen A.

doi:10.15288/jsa.2000.61.787

Cited by 125 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It is hypothesized that both the assessment of drinking patterns and the use of one (or more) tailored motivational strategies lead to behavior change. However, because effects resulting from feedback-based interventions have ranged from small to medium (Walters & Neighbors, 2005), efforts to enhance the impact of BMIs have explored supplementing the "basic" BMI components with more detailed assessments and/or additional motivational strategies.The notion that a thorough assessment can, by itself, produce changes in alcohol use has been confirmed in both clinical (Clifford & Maisto, 2000) and prevention (Murphy et al, 2001) contexts. Such change has been interpreted as the result of increased awareness of the selfdefeating consequences of risk behavior.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Brief motivational interventions for heavy college drinkers: A randomized controlled trial.

Carey¹,

Carey²,

Maisto³

et al. 2006

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

218

217

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In this randomized controlled trial, the authors evaluated brief motivational interventions (BMIs) for at-risk college drinkers. Heavy drinking students (N = 509; 65% women, 35% men) were randomized into 1 of 6 intervention conditions formed by crossing baseline timeline followback (TLFB) interview (present versus absent) and intervention type (basic BMI, BMI enhanced with a decisional balance module, or none). Assessments completed at baseline, 1, 6, and 12 months measured typical and risky drinking as well as drinking-related problems. Relative to controls, the TLFB interview reduced consumption but not problems at 1 month. The basic BMI improved all drinking outcomes beyond the effects of the TLFB at 1 month, whereas the enhanced BMI did not. Risk reduction achieved by brief interventions maintained throughout the follow-up year.Keywords brief intervention; college drinking; alcohol abuse prevention; decisional balance; timeline assessment Many college students engage in dangerous patterns of alcohol use. Although most have not yet achieved the legal drinking age, about 70% of college students report drinking alcohol in the last month (O'Malley & Johnston, 2002). Their drinking patterns are often characterized by episodic but heavy drinking; as many as 44% of college students report recent heavy drinking (5 or more drinks an occasion for men, 4 or more drinks for women), and 42% of women and 55% of men report that "getting drunk" is an important reason for drinking .Heavy drinking among college students can result in an array of negative consequences. College drinkers frequently reported doing something they regretted (35%), missing a class (30%), driving after drinking (29%), and forgetting where they were or what they did (27%) after drinking . Some also report more severe consequences, such as getting hurt or injured (13%), damaging property (11%), or engaging in unprotected sex because of alcohol use (10%). Tragically, 1,400 college students die each year from injuries related to alcohol use (Hingson, Heeren, Zakocs, Kopstein, & Wechsler, 2002). Other students are also affected by having their sleep or studies disrupted, being insulted or humiliated, and receiving unwanted sexual advances from intoxicated students . Consequences of excessive drinking interfere with the academic and social missions of colleges and universities.Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Kate B. Carey, Center for Health and Behavior, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-2340. Electronic mail may be sent to kbcarey@syr.edu. NIH Public AccessAuthor Manuscript J Consult Clin Psychol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2008 July 3. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNumerous interventions have been developed to reduce heavy college drinking (Larimer & Cronce, 2002). Purely educational programs often increase students' knowledge about the effects of alcohol but tend not to affect drinking attitudes and behaviors (e.g., Robinson, Roth, Gloria, Keim, & Sattler, 1...

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mentioning

confidence: 98%

Brief motivational interventions for heavy college drinkers: A randomized controlled trial.

Carey¹,

Carey²,

Maisto³

et al. 2006

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

218

217

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Previous research has identified the possible behavior-changing effects of surveys that ask questions about risk behaviors as a possible explanation for why control groups report behavior change similar in direction and magnitude to treatment groups. 28 Future research can use a threearm approach to assess the effect of the brief intervention versus assessment only in comparison to a no assessment (or minimal assessment) group. We did not incentivize the participants to take part in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effects of a Brief Intervention to Increase Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Testing Uptake Among Young Adult Female Emergency Department Patients

Baird

Merchant

2014

Acad Emerg Med

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Objectives: The objective of this study was to test the effect of a brief educational and counseling intervention on increasing the uptake of free testing for Chlamydia trachomatis (chlamydia) and Neisseria gonorrhea (gonorrhea) among young female emergency department (ED) patients. Women are particularly vulnerable to more serious consequences of these infections due to asymptomatic presentation. Increased testing is important to detect, treat, and halt the spread of these infections among asymptomatic women.Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial. Research assistants (RAs) approached female patients in two EDs. Eligible patients were between 18 and 35 years of age, who reported having sex with males, but were not attending the ED for either treatment of sexually transmitted infection (STI) or testing for possible STI exposure. Participants responded to survey questions about their lifetime and past 3-month substance use, number of recent sexual partners, condom use, and perception of risks for chlamydia and gonorrhea infections. Following the survey, the RAs randomized participants into study control or treatment arms. Each treatment arm participant received a brief educational/counseling intervention from the RA. The brief intervention focused on the woman's personal risks for chlamydia and gonorrhea and condoms attitudes and usage. As the primary outcome of this study, participants were offered free urine tests for chlamydia and gonorrhea infection postintervention or post-survey completion, depending on group assignment.Results: A total of 171 women completed the baseline assessment and were offered chlamydia and gonorrhea testing. The mean (AESD) age was 26 (AE4.76) years, 18% were Hispanic, and 12% were Spanish-speaking only. The brief intervention that was offered to increase these women's awareness of their STI risk did not result in increased acceptance of testing; 48% in the brief intervention group accepted testing (95% confidence interval [CI] = 32% to 64%) versus 36% in the control group (95% CI = 19% to 53%). In a multivariable logistic regression, only self-identifying as being Hispanic was associated with greater willingness to be tested. Of the asymptomatic women tested (n = 71), five tested positive for chlamydia. This represents a positivity rate of 7%. There were no positive test results for gonorrhea. Women who reported high-risk factors for STI, such as younger age (≤25 years), having sex in the past 90 days without using condoms, identified substance use, or previous STI, were not more likely to accept the offer of chlamydia and gonorrhea testing. Conclusions:The brief intervention used in this study did not increase the uptake of testing for chlamydia and gonorrhea infections in this sample, in comparison to receiving no intervention. Although Hispanic women were more likely to accept chlamydia and gonorrhea testing, it is concerning that those women who report STI risk factors were not more likely to accept the offer of chlamydia and gonorrhea testing. Future research sh...

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“…These elements are referred to by the acronym FRAMES: Feedback, Responsibility, Advice, Menu of options, Empathy and Self-efficacy. Although the presence of all six FRAMES elements does not appear to be a necessary condition for successful behavior change, successful interventions generally combine a number of them (Clifford & Maisto, 2000). These elements, along with the principles of self-regulation theory, provide the basis for the Motivational Interviewing (MI) approach that has been found to be effective in enhancing an individual's motivation to change a targeted behavior.…”

Section: Pathways To Behavior Changementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The construct self-awareness is particularly relevant to self-regulatory processes and as noted by Clifford and Maisto (2000), self-regulated behaviors are, at least partially, dependent upon adequate self-awareness.…”

Section: Self-awarenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Along these lines, Miller and Sanchez (1994) identified six potentially active ingredients that underlie brief interventions, which are represented by the acronym "FRAMES." In addition, Clifford and Maisto (2000) have suggested that alcohol treatment research assessment (e.g., DrInC instrument) exposure related behavior change also may be explained by the acronym FRAMES.…”

Section: Motivational Enhancement Therapy (Met)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ascertaining the relationships between the trajectories of specific categories of alcohol-related negative consequences and subsequent drinking behavior.

Davis¹,

Clifford²

2016

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors

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The overwhelming majority of people who drink alcohol do so nonproblematically. Nevertheless, approximately 17.6 million Americans have been diagnosed with an alcohol use disorder (AUD), which can be severely debilitating and contribute to both increased morbidity and premature mortality. Irrespective of treatment approach, drinking behavior modifications are often short-lived and relapse is common.The first year following AUD treatment has been identified as a period of high risk for relapse, and thus an important timeframe for enquiry regarding alcohol-related behavior change and its maintenance. In addition, at least among individuals with a diagnosed AUD, alcohol use and negative consequences have been shown to be related reciprocally.A commonly used measure of alcohol-related negative consequences is the Drinker Inventory of Consequences (DrInC) which has been supported empirically in several studies, although investigations of specific categories of alcohol-related negative consequences and their trajectories have been lacking. Given this background, the purpose of this dissertation was to conduct secondary data analyses to: (1) confirm the previously reported factor structure of the DrInC; (2) follow the course of the five DrInC categories of alcohol-related negative consequences across the first year post AUD iii treatment initiation; (3) investigate whether these trajectories vary by participant gender, age or assigned treatment condition; and (4) examine the relationships between these trajectories and subsequent drinking behavior. Data from the outpatient arm of Project MATCH (n = 952), to date the largest psychosocial alcohol treatment randomized clinical trial, were analyzed for this dissertation.Study results confirmed the DrInC factor structure and the trajectory of each DrInC category was indicative of improved alcohol-related problems across the first year post-treatment initiation period. Specific DrInC categories varied as a function of participant gender, age, and assigned treatment condition and these trajectories were predictive of subsequent drinking behavior. Specifically, higher intercepts during the three-month treatment period were associated with poorer drinking behavior one year later. Alternatively, steeper slopes were associated with improved drinking behavior and some of these relationships were modified by gender, age, and treatment condition. It was concluded that assessing alcohol-related negative consequences during the first year post-treatment initiation can have clinical utility. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT and DEDICATION

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Subject reactivity effects and alcohol treatment outcome research.

Cited by 125 publications

References 29 publications

Brief motivational interventions for heavy college drinkers: A randomized controlled trial.

Brief motivational interventions for heavy college drinkers: A randomized controlled trial.

A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effects of a Brief Intervention to Increase Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Testing Uptake Among Young Adult Female Emergency Department Patients

Ascertaining the relationships between the trajectories of specific categories of alcohol-related negative consequences and subsequent drinking behavior.

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