“…Ma 3 used more accurate simulation methods to investigate the properties Nomenclature: a b b ' M 0 U, material coefficients; C, copula function; D, cumulative damage; F (t), failure probability; g(t), time-varying reliability function; N f , fatigue life; n, load cycle; R(t), degree of reliability; r(n), residual strength; S max , peak load; S P1 , first-stage loading; S P2 , second-stage loading; μ g , mean of g(t); υ, critical cycle ratio; σ max , maximum stress; σ −1 , fatigue limit; σ −1 (σ m ), fatigue limit of mean stress; σ b , initial static fatigue strength; σ g , standard deviation of g(t); 1/θ, estimated correlation parameter; d 2 Gum , squared Euclidean distance of accelerated life tests with small sample sizes where large-sample approximations may be expected to be inadequate. Gaonkar 4 established a reliability calculation model according to aggregation, the mapping of fuzzy sets using a distance measure, and a fuzzy logic rule base.…”